湛江市食盐加碘后甲状腺功能亢进症发病调查  

Survey of incidence of hyperthyroidism after universal use of iodine-containing salt in Zhanjiang City

作　　者：柯艳珠 邓峰[2] 钟文[2] 何广彪 董家纯 吴海翼 

机构地区：[1]湛江市疾病预防控制中心,广东湛江524037 [2]广东省疾病预防控制中心,广东广州510000 [3]徐闻县疾病预防控制中心,广东徐闻524100 [4]吴川市卫生监督所,广东吴川524500

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2007年第4期625-627,共3页China Tropical Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解湛江市在实施全民食盐碘化(Universal salt iodination,USI)防治碘缺乏病后甲状腺功能亢进症(简称甲亢)发病情况,为今后制定消除碘缺乏病的策略提供科学的依据。方法采用整群抽样方法,选择吴川市黄坡镇为调查区和徐闻县迈陈镇为对照区,采用回顾性调查结合前瞻性调查的方法,对两镇人群的甲亢发病情况进行调查。结果USI前3年,黄坡镇和迈陈镇居民甲亢年平均发病率累积,分别为27.16/10万和18.63/10万,两镇居民甲亢发病率差异无显著性。USI后8年,黄坡镇和迈陈镇居民甲亢年平均发病率分别为48.57/10万和26.79/10万,居民甲亢发病率黄坡镇高于迈陈镇。黄坡镇在USI后前4年甲亢年平均发病率增加,USI前后甲亢发病率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),USI后第5年甲亢发病率开始逐年下降,至USI后第8年发病率下降至USI前的水平。在两镇的甲亢病人中,女性的发病率明显高于男性,发病的高峰年龄在30～60岁之间。结论湛江市实施USI后,碘致甲亢的发病率呈一过性增加,但随着人群缺碘状况被纠正后,碘致甲亢逐渐减少。碘缺乏病的防治仍是当前工作的重点,但碘致甲亢的预防和处理也不容忽视。Objective To understand the incidence of hyperthyroidism after universal salt iodization （USI） in Zhanjiang City for controlling iodine deficiency disease（IDD） and provide scientific evidence for formulating the strategy of eliminating IDD in future. Methods Huangpo Township in Wuchuan City was selected as survey area and Maichen Town of Xuwen County was selected as control area by using cluster sampling method. The incidence of hyperthyroidism in residents of two townships was retrospectively and prospectively surveyed. Results Three years before exercising USI, annual average incidence of hyperthyroidism in residents of Huangpo and Maichen Townships were 27.16/100,000 and 18.63/100,000 respectively, without significant difference. Eight years after exercising USI, the annual average incidence of hyperthyroidism in residents of Huangpo and Maichen Townships were 48.57/ 100,100 and 26.79/100,100 respectively. The incidence of hyperthyroidism in Huangpo Township 4 years after exercising USI was increased and gradually reduced 5 years after exercising USI and reduced to the level before exercising USI 8 years after practice of USI. It was also observed that the incidence of hyperthyroidism in females was obviously higher than that of males in the two townships and the peak age of occurrence of the disease was 30 - 60 years old. Conclusion After exercising USI in Zhanjiang City there was a short - lived increase in the incidence of hyperthyroidism due to iodine deficiency and the incidence was gradually reduced along with the practice of USI. At present, the control of iodine deficiency disease is the target task and attention also be paid to the work of prevention and treatment of hyperthyroidism.

关 键 词：食盐加碘 碘缺乏病 甲状腺功能亢进症 

分 类 号：R591.1[医药卫生—内科学]