粪检与免疫诊断方法检测日本血吸虫感染效果比较  

Comparison of stool examination and immunodiagnosis for schistosomiasis

作　　者：何伟[1] 朱荫昌[1] 梁幼生[1] 戴建荣[1] 徐明[1] 唐建霞 曹国群[1] 华万全[1] 李远林 杨忠 

机构地区：[1]江苏省血吸虫病防治研究所,无锡214064 [2]云南省大理州血吸虫病防治所

出　　处：《中国血吸虫病防治杂志》2007年第2期107-109,共3页Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(2004AA2Z3461)

摘　　要：目的比较粪检与免疫诊断方法检测血吸虫感染的效果。方法在云南省大山区峡谷型血吸虫病流行区选择508例村民作为检查对象,收集病史个案,以尼龙绢集卵孵化法和改良Kato-Katz法进行病原学检查,再同时以胶体染料试纸条法(DDIA)、酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)和环卵沉淀试验(COPT)进行抗血吸虫抗体检测,将检测结果进行比较分析。结果Kato-Katz法查出阳性病人120例,其中25例孵化法为阴性;孵化法查出阳性病人163例,其中68例Kato-Katz法为阴性。DDIA、ELISA和COPT与孵化法的阳性符合率分别为95.1%、98.2%和82.8%,与Kato-Katz法的阳性符合率分别为92.5%、96.0%和84.0%。结论粪检方法尤其是Kato-Katz法漏检率较高,以其作为评价免疫诊断方法的标准似不合适。DDIA和ELISA与孵化法和Kato-Katz法的阳性符合率均较高,敏感性明显高于粪检法,而且操作方便,适用于现场筛查化疗目标人群。Objective To compare the results of stool examination and immunodiagnosis for schistosomiasis. Methods In a mountainous endemic region of schistosomiasis （Yunnan Province）, 508 residents were examined by the hatching test of egg concentration with nylon-tissue hag and Kato-Katz technique for parasitological stool examination, as well as DDIA, ELISA and COPT immunodiagnostic techniques for antibody detection. Results The missing rates of the hatching test was 20.8% （ 25/120 ） in the positive cases of the Kato-Katz technique, and the missing rate of Kato-Katz technique was 41.7%0 （ 68/163 ） in the positive cases of hatching test. The positive coincidence rates of DDIA, ELISA and COPT were 95.1%, 98.2 and 82.8% with the hatching test, and 92, 5%, 96.0% and 84.0% with Kato-Katz technique, respectively. Conclusions The missing rates of stool examination, especially Kato-Katz technique, are high. The positive coincidence rates of immunodiagnosis （DDIA and ELISA） with stool examination are high. The sensitivities of the immunodiagnostic tests are higher than that of stool examination, so they are suitable for screening the target population for chemotherapy in endemic regions.

关 键 词：血吸虫病 粪检 免疫诊断 

分 类 号：R532.21[医药卫生—内科学]