新疆雪密度时空分布及其影响特征研究  

Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Xinjiang Snow Density and Its Consequence

作　　者：黄慰军[1] 黄镇 崔彩霞[3] 冯志敏[1] 李秦[4] 王蕾[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆气候中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [2]新疆气象台,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [3]乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [4]新疆气象信息中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2007年第1期66-72,共7页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：中国沙漠气象研究基金项目(sqj2004006;sqj200504);中国气象局气象新技术推广项目(CMATJ2005M24);新疆气象科技研究项目(200424)资助

摘　　要：对29个有雪密度观测的气象站40 a气象资料进行聚类和回归分析.结果表明:降水、雪深、大风、吹雪等因子与雪密度有密切正相关关系,由此建立雪密度与气候因子关系模型.另选无雪密度观测的50个站40 a气象资料,用关系模型计算出各站雪密度,从而使有雪密度值的站点增加到79个,为深入细致研究新疆雪密度时空分布打下了基础.研究表明,新疆雪密度有明显稳定期和不稳定期之分,稳定期雪密度是时间的函数.采用MapGis65,结合卫星遥感资料,研制了新疆雪密度(稳定期)空间分布图.新疆雪密度的分布呈现从盆地及其周边到山地及其周边最后到海拔3 800-4 000 m以上高山带,随高度的升高雪密度依次升高.依据雪密度分布图和时间函数计算得出,稳定期新疆雪密度最大平均值为0.191 g.cm-3.Snow density data of 40 years from 29 weather stations are analyzed, using clustering and regression methods. It is found that precipitation, snow depth, strong wind, blowing snow and temperature have immediate correlativity with snow density. Thus, a model is established between snow density and these climatic facts. Based on the model, in another 50 weather stations which had no snow density observations, snow densities of 40 a are calculated. So snow density data of 79 spots are obtained, which become was a base for further analysis of temporal and spatial distribution of Xinjiang snow density. It is demonstrated that： 1） Xinjiang snow density has obvious stable and nonstable periods every year. Snow density is a function of time （the slope was 0.0059）; 2） Using Mapgis 65 and remote sensing data, a map showing the spatial distribution of xinjiang snow density （during stable period） was drawn; 3） Xinjiang snow density presents an increasing trend with height from basin to the elevation 3 800-4 000 m in mountains; 4） It is inferred based on spatial distribution map of snow density and its time function that the maximum mean snow density during stable period in Xinjiang is 0. 191 g·cm^-3.

关 键 词：新疆 雪密度 时空分布 积雪 

分 类 号：P426.635[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]