几种新型氮肥对叶菜硝酸盐累积和土壤硝态氮淋洗的影响  

Effect of Several New Type Nitrogen Fertilizer on Reducing Nitrate Accumulation in Leafy Vegetable and Nitrate Leaching in Soil

作　　者：高强[1] 巨晓棠[1] 张福锁[1] 

机构地区：[1]教育部土壤-植物相互作用重点实验室农业部植物营养学重点开放实验室中国农业大学资源与环境学院

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2007年第1期9-13,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(30270787);国家"十五"攻关重大专项"生态农业技术体系研究与示范"第二课题"氮肥污染控制研究"(2002BA516A02)资助

摘　　要：应用土柱模拟试验的方法,研究了在高肥力菜田土壤条件下,施用几种新型氮肥对两茬叶菜硝酸盐积累和土壤硝态氮淋洗的影响。结果表明,在高肥力菜田土壤上,施用几种新型氮肥都未能明显提高第一茬油菜的生物量,硫硝铵(A SN)却降低了生物量,而第二茬菠菜不施肥处理生物量下降。尿素+硝化抑制剂DM PP(En tec46)、尿素+硝化抑制剂DCD(U+DCD)和有机无机复混肥(O IF)3种氮肥显著降低了油菜硝酸盐含量。尿素+玉米秸秆(U+M S)和硫硝铵+硝化抑制剂DM PP(En tec26)减少了土壤NO3--N的向下淋洗,而尿素+保水剂(U+SAP)增加土壤NO3--N的向下淋洗。Studies on effect of applying several new type nitrogen fertilizer on nitrate accumulation In two-reap leafy vegetable and soil nitrate leaching in high fertility vegetable by earth column-simulation experiment method. Results showed that, in high fertility vegetable soil, applying several new type nitrogenous fertilizers couldn＇t increased the first reap rape biomass and ammonium sulphate nitrate （ASN） decreased biomass, but the second reap spinach＇s biomass decreased in no fertilizer treatment. Urea ＋nitrification inhibitor DMPP （Entec46）, Urea＋nitrification inhibitor DCD （U＋DCD） and organic-inorganic fertilizer （OIF） decreased significantly nitrate content of rape. The urea ＋ maize straw （U＋MS） and ammonium sulphate nitrate ＋ nitrification inhibitor DMPP （Entee26） reduced soil nitrate nitrogen leaching, while urea ＋super absorbent polymers（U-t-SAP） increased soil nitrate leaching.

关 键 词：叶菜 新型氮肥 硝酸盐累积 硝酸盐淋洗 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学] S143.1[农业科学—农业基础科学]