草被覆盖阻延坡面流作用试验研究  

Experimental Study on Delay of Grass Coverage on Overland Flow

作　　者：李勉[1] 姚文艺[1] 杨剑锋[1] 陈江南[1] 丁文峰[2] 李莉[1] 杨春霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]黄河水利科学研究院水利部黄河泥沙重点实验室,河南郑州450003 [2]长江科学院,湖北武汉430010

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2007年第1期30-34,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金黄河联合基金重点项目(50239080);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2007CB407201)资助

摘　　要：草被覆盖对坡面流有明显的阻延作用。本项研究旨在通过室内放水冲刷试验,揭示黄土丘陵区坡沟系统坡面不同草被覆盖对坡面流出流时间和终止时间的影响。试验分为坡沟系统试验及单一坡面试验2种,试验中坡面草被覆盖面积比分别为0,30%,50%,70%和90%,草被覆盖空间配置分为坡上部、坡中部和坡下部,放水冲刷流量为3.2 L/min和5.2 L/min。结果表明,坡面流出流时间与放水流量呈负相关关系,与草被覆盖面积比呈正相关关系;径流终止时间与放水流量和草被覆盖面积比均呈正相关关系;草被覆盖面积越大,其对坡面流的延滞作用越显著,放水流量越大,草被覆盖对坡面流的延滞作用越小。坡面草被布设在坡上部和坡中部时,其对坡面流的阻延作用相对较大。Grass coverage has great influence on the stay of overland flow. The objective of this study is to reveal the influence of grass coverage on the time of runoff beginning and stop in the hillslope-gully slope erosion system on loess hilly area. In scouring experiments, five grass coverage degrees （0. 30%, 50%, 70% and 90%）, three spatial distributions of grass on the hillslope （upper, middle and lower） and two water inflow rates （3.2 L/min and 5.2 L/min） were used in the experimental soil box for the hillslope-gully slope erosion system experiment and the single hillslope experiment. Results showed that in the scouring experiments the time of runoff beginning has a negative relationship with the water inflow rate, and has a positive relationship with the grass coverage percentage. The time of runoff stop has a positive relationship with the water inflow rate and the grass coverage percentage. The delaying role of grass coverage on runoff increased with increasing grass coverage percentages and decreased with increasing water inflow rates. Usually, when the grass coverage was located on the upper and middle sections, the delaying role is relatively larger.

关 键 词：坡沟系统 草被覆盖 出流时间 终止时间 冲刷试验 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]