不同时期水分处理对水稻生长及产量的影响  

Effects of Water Disposal on Growth and Yield of Rice

作　　者：邵玺文[1] 刘红丹[1] 杜震宇[1] 杨晶[1] 孟繁霞[1] 马景勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学农学院,吉林长春130118

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2007年第1期193-196,共4页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家"十五"科技攻关计划项目(2001BA508B05);长春市农业创新计划项目(长科合字第01-052N12)

摘　　要：为了研究水分胁迫处理对水稻生长及产量的影响,采用盆栽试验方法,在水稻分蘖期、孕穗期、开花期和灌浆期进行水分胁迫处理,设3个处理水平,处理H 1土壤水势为0（土壤饱和含水量90%-100%）,处理H2土壤水势-30 kPa,处理H3土壤水势-50 kPa,保水层作对照（CK）。结果表明,分蘖期水分胁迫影响水稻分蘖数、LA I和株高,导致单位面积有效穗数不足而严重影响产量,处理平均产量比对照低29.5%;孕穗期水分胁迫影响水稻库容的建立,穗小、穗粒数少、千粒重低而严重影响产量,处理平均有效穗数比对照少26.7%,处理平均产量比对照低63.8%;开花期千粒重处理H 1比CK高12.9%,差异极显著（P〈0.01）,产量处理H1高于CK,处理H2和处理H3产量均低于CK,差异极显著（P〈0.01）;灌浆期处理H1千粒重比CK高11.2%,差异极显著（P〈0.01）,产量处理H1比CK高12.76%,差异显著（P〈0.05）。To study the effects of water disposal on the growth and yield of rice,the method of the pot culture was adopted in this experiment, and three levels were designed in tillering stage, booting stage, blooming stage and milk stage of rice. Comparing with the treatment of keeping water flooding, there were three other treatment. Treatment H1, soil water potential was 0 kPa （90 % - 100 % of soil saturation contains water） ;treatment H2, soil water potential was -30 kPa; treatment H3, soil water potential was -50 kPa. The results showed that in tillering stage the effects of water stress on tillering number, LAI, and plant height of rice were evident, the yield was seriously affected with no enough effective panicles in unit area, and the average yield of the treated was 29.5% lower than that of the control. In booting stage, owing to water stress on rice, the rice tillering panicles was restrained, the yield was seriously affected because there were not enough effective panicles in unit area ,and fewer of the grains of panicle and light of weight of 1000-grain. The average effective panicles of the treated was 26.7% lower than that of the control, the average yield of the treated was 63.8% lower than that of the control. In blooming stage, 1000-grain weight of treatment H1 was 12.9 % higher than that of the control,and the difference was extremely significant（ P〈0. 01）, the yield of treatment H1 was higher than that of the control, the yield of treatment H2 and treatment H3 was lower than that of the control, and the difference was extremely significant（ P 〈0.01）. In milking stage, 1000-grain weight of treatment H1 was 11.2 % higher than that of the control, and the difference was extremely significant（ P 〈0. 01）, the yield of treatment H1 was 12.76% higher than that of the control, and the difference was extremely significant（ P 〈0.05）.

关 键 词：水分处理 水稻生长 水稻产量 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学] S152.7