红壤旱地玉米间作套种技术的研究  

Techniques of Maize Intercropping and Interplantingin Arid Red Soil Area

作　　者：赖庆旺[1] 韩仁道[1] 陈志才[1] 赖涛[1] 李茶苟[1] 吴水助[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西省红壤研究所

出　　处：《江西农业学报》1996年第1期23-30,共8页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：江西省农业技术推广总站资助项目

摘　　要：南方农区发展玉米生产，是我国“九·五”再增产５０００万吨粮食的重大举措。红壤丘陵区水热资源优越，适合早晚两季玉米种植。推行玉米间套种能显著提高土地产出率和整体经济效益，以早大豆间作玉米和花生成熟期套种秋玉米模式效果好，产值增加７４．５１％及５９．３７％。红壤旱地间套种玉米应针对不同茬口选择适宜的间套方式和密度，大豆地宜密；花生及红薯地宜稀，以大畦沟沿两侧套种玉米为佳。早玉米品种以郑三３号＞中单２号＞掖单４号；秋玉米产量则以３５７４＞白糯２号＞中单２号＞京早１０号＞高油ｌｌ５，郑三３号不宜秋季栽培。玉米播期应以开花授粉期避开高温干热天气为前提，早玉米直播以４月上中旬、秋玉米７月下旬播种为宜，极限播期分别为立夏和立秋。红壤地力贡献率低，实行ＮＰＫ及有机肥配合是玉米高产的基础，６０００ｋｇ／ｈａ玉米籽需Ｎ１００．８ｋｇ，Ｐ＿２Ｏ＿３５０．４ｋｇ，Ｋ＿２Ｏ１００．８ｋｇ。近郊县利用水源较好的旱地及秋闲田，选择糯性及甜玉米，生产鲜食玉米，能成倍提高玉米产值，具有良好的发展前景。Hilly red soil area was appropriate for maize cultivation because of its rich waterand thermal resources. Besides, maize intercropping and interplanting could increase land produc-tivity as well as economic benefit.The results showed that interplanting of maize with early soy-bean could increase output by 74. 51 percent, and that with ripening peanut by 59.37 percent.Proper cropping system and cultivation density should be selected to fit for the crop intercroppedor interplanted . For example, high cultivation density was good for soybean while low cultivationdensity for peanut and sweet potato. Among the maize varieties intercropped, Zhengsan 3 wasbest, next was Zhongdan 2, followed by Yedan 4. In terms of yield of late maize varieties, 3574was highest, followed by Yuenuo 2, Zhongdan 2, Jingzao 10, and Gaoyou 115. Early maizeshould be seeded in the first twenty days of April, and late maize in the last ten days of July. Ad-etluate fertilizer and manure was fundainental for high yield.

关 键 词：红壤 玉米 间作套种 花生 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] S344.2