链格孢菌毒素细交链孢菌酮酸在土壤中的降解研究  

Degradation of Tenuazonic Acid from Alternaria alternata in Soil

作　　者：周兵[1] 强胜[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学生命科学学院杂草研究室,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2007年第2期572-576,共5页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK2005420);教育部博士点研究基金项目(20050307002);国家863项目(2001AA246012);江苏省科技攻关项目(BE2005349)

摘　　要：细交链孢菌酮酸是病原真菌链格孢菌(Alternaria sp.)产生的主要毒素之一,在霉变的粮食、感病的植物和腐烂的水果中都能检测到,其具有较强的动物毒性,给食品安全带来一定的隐患。分别在实验室和大田条件下对链格孢菌毒素细交链孢菌酮酸在土壤中的降解动态进行了观察。结果表明,在实验室条件下,微生物对细交链孢菌酮酸在土壤中的降解影响较大,光照的影响较弱,不灭菌条件下,其半衰期小于10d,加药10d时,其降解率就大于50%;灭菌条件下,其半衰期大于30d,加药40d时,其降解率才超过50%。土壤含水量的增加和土壤温度在一定范围内的升高可促进其降解,土壤含水量为12.5%￣50%,其半衰期为11.38￣5.14d,加药10d时其降解率为38.98%￣62.14%,温度为20￣40℃时,其半衰期为14.26￣5.11d,加药10d时其降解率为36.94%￣62.45%。田间研究表明,细交链孢菌酮酸在自然条件下降解的半衰期约为3.22d,20d后就可完全降解。可认为细交链孢菌酮酸属于易降解类物质。Tenuazonic acid was an important mycotoxin from Alternaria alternata, toxic to animals. It was found in spoiled grains, diseased plants and rotten fruit, as a hidden trouble in food safety. Degradation of tenuazonic acid in soil was investigated under laboratory and field conditions. The results showed that, under laboratory condition, the soil microorganisms obviously accelerated the degradation of tenuazonic acid, suggesting that microorganisms played an important role in degradation of tenuazonic acid. Sunlight also involved in degradation of tenuazonic acid, but was not as important as microorganisms do. When the soil was not autoclaved, the T0.5 was less than 10 d, the degradation rate was larger than 50% only after 10 d treatments, when autoclaved, the T0.5 was more than 30 d, and the degradation rate was larger than 50% after 40 d treatments. In addition, the increase of water contents and temperature of soil promoted the degradation of tenuazonic acid in soil, the T0.5 was 11.38-5.14 d when the water content of soil was 12.5%-50%, and the degradation rate was 38.98%-62.14% after 10 d treatments, the T0.5 was 14.26-5.11 d at 20-40 ℃, and the degradation rate was 36.94%-62.45% respectively after 10 d treatments. The studies under field condition revealed that the half life of tenuazonic acid was only about 3.22 days, and the residual period was about 20 days in soil.

关 键 词：链格孢菌毒素 细交链孢菌酮酸 土壤 降解 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]