甲胺磷、氯氰菊酯及其混合物对斜生栅藻的毒性  

Combined Toxicity Effect of Methamiclophos and Cypermethrin to Scenedesmus Obliquus

作　　者：徐晓宇[1] 魏颖[1] 唐红枫[1] 张俊彦[1] 陈素萍[1] 熊丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学生命科学学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2007年第2期718-722,共5页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

摘　　要：为进一步探讨自然生态环境中农药残留对藻类的复合毒性,并为国家监测水质提供相应参考,采用人工光照培养箱室内培养方法,研究了甲胺磷、氯氰菊酯及其混合物对斜生栅藻的毒性。结果显示,甲胺磷、氯氰菊酯对斜生栅藻96h的EC50分别为12.31、45.75mg·L-1;甲胺磷在一定程度上抑制了氯氰菊酯的毒性,使混合农药对斜生栅藻生长的毒性表现为拮抗效应;氯氰菊酯对叶绿素b的影响大于甲胺磷,对叶绿素a的影响小于甲胺磷。Based on the toxicity effect of methamiclophos and cypermethrin on Scenedesmus obliquus KUtz separately, the combined toxicity effect of methamiclophos and cypermethrin was studied. It was demonstrated that the growth rate of S.obliquus varied with the corresponding pesticide concentrations and its growth was disconnected with the mitosis thus some abnormal cells were formed. The 96 h EC50 values of methamiclophos and cypermethrin were determined by detecting the cell density of the S.obliquus cells at different concentrations of methamiclophos and cypermethrin and were 12.31 mg·L^-1 and 45.75 mg·L^-1 respectively, indicating that the toxicity of methamiclophos is much stronger than cypermethrin. Methamiclophos has a more obvious effect on the contents of the photosynthetic pigments （chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b） and cause more serious damage to the chloroplast. When the mixtures of methamiclophos and cypermethrin were used to S.obliquus, methamiclophos could inhibit the toxicity of cypermethrin, to some extent, which indicated that the growth inhibition of one pesticide was stronger than their mixture, suggesting its antagonistic effect but not combining effect. Whereas, the two pesticides showed a combining effect on the contents of chlorophyl-a but an antagonistic effect of chlorophyl-b with the increasing concentration of either of the pesticide in the mixture. In addition, the inhibition effect of cypermethrin on the content of chlorophyl-b was stronger than that of methamiclophos, but weaker on chlorophyl-a than that of methamiclophos. Concerning the multiplicity and longevity of environmental pollution, further attention should be paid for evaluating the combined effects of various pesticides with other pollutants and their chronic damage to human being.

关 键 词：甲胺磷 氯氰菊酯 斜生栅藻 毒性 

分 类 号：X592[环境科学与工程—环境工程]