基于畜禽废弃物管理的发酵床技术研究:Ⅰ发酵床剖面特征研究  

Deep Litter System for Management of Livestock Manure:Ⅰ Profile Characteristics of Litter in Deep-litter System

作　　者：朱红[1] 常志州[1] 王世梅[2] 黄红英[1] 陈欣[1] 费辉盈[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏农科院农业资源与环境研究所,江苏南京210014 [2]南京农业大学资源与环境学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2007年第2期754-758,共5页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

摘　　要：发酵床养猪技术是基于猪排泄物管理而发展的一种新型养殖技术。采集两个使用年限不同的发酵床有机垫料剖面样品,进行相关物理、化学与微生物特征分析的结果表明,连续使用两年的陈有机垫料中可溶性盐含量远高于使用两个月的新垫料,呈重度盐渍化;两垫料总孔隙度维持在70%以上,差异不明显,新垫料除细菌在垫料底层略低于陈垫料外,纤维素分解菌与霉菌数量均高于陈垫料,其差异可能是采样时陈垫料因未养猪无新鲜粪便补充所致。因此,洗盐等再生处理是延长垫料使用年限的关键。Deep-litter systems have been developed as an alternative of managing domestic animal manure. The characteristics of the litter profiles in two deep-litter systems were investigated. The fresh system has been used to raise pig for two months, and the old system had been used for two years, but stop raising pig for one month before sampling. The litter samples were collected from the top to the bottom of litter profiles, and analyzed for physical, chemical and bacterial properties. The temperature of the litter was significantly higher in fresh system than in old system and increased with litter profiles. No significant difference in pH of the litter was detected between fresh and old systems, but the pH values decreased with litter profiles and ranged from 7.0 to 7.6. The content of soluble salinity was significantly higher in old than in fresh system, and showed more than 20 mg· kg^-1 over 0-80 cm in the old litter profiles, indicating salt accumulation in the old litter system Total porosities were over 70% in both litter systems, with no effect on biodegradation of pig manure. Numbers of the fibre degrading bacterial, antinomyces and mold were higher in the fresh litter than in the old litter system. The concentration of total N was higher in old than in fresh system, but the reverse results were obtained for the concentration of inorganic N. The results suggested that the key to prolong the life of the deep litter system was to minimize salt accumulation and refresh the old system.

关 键 词：禽畜废弃物 有机垫料 可溶性盐分 无机氮 总孔隙度 

分 类 号：X713[环境科学与工程—环境工程]