一种安全的基于层次结构的图像认证算法  

Secure Image Authentication Scheme Based on Hierarchical Structure

作　　者：张宪海[1] 杨永田[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工程大学计算机科学与技术学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《小型微型计算机系统》2007年第4期701-705,共5页Journal of Chinese Computer Systems

摘　　要：很多图像认证算法或者篡改定位精度较高,但容易受到攻击,或者牺牲定位精度来提高安全性.该算法利用自定义的层次结构,不但可以抵抗矢量量化(VQ)、黑盒(ORACLE)等各种攻击,满足安全性要求,而且具有很高篡改定位精度.如果一个被篡改的像素在第四层没有被检测出来,也会以将近100%的概率在第三、第二和第一层检测出来.理论分析表明该算法对单像素、2×2像素块篡改的漏报率分别低于0.78%、0.19%,对大于等于4×4像素块篡改的漏报率约等于0.实验结果表明,该算法对图像篡改具有高度的敏感性,而且嵌入的水印具有很好的不可感知性.Several image authentication schemes are either vulnerable to attacks or sacrifice localization accuracy to improve security. In this paper, a scheme is proposed that not only thwarts all kinds of attacks such as vector quantization（VQ） and oracle attack in order to satisfy the security but also ensures superior accuracy of tamper localization. If a tampered pixel is not detected in level-4, it will be detected in level 3, level 2 or level 1 with a probability of nearly 1. Theory analysis demonstrates that the method can detect any tampered pixel and the size of 2 × 2 pixel block with a missing rate less than 0.78% and 0. 19% respectively, and the missing rate of more than or equal the size of 4 × 4 pixel block is approximately close to 0. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme is highly sensitive to intentional tampering and the embedding watermarking is imperceptive.

关 键 词：图像认证 脆弱数字水印 层次结构 篡改检测 篡改定位 

分 类 号：TP391[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]