贺兰山北段晚石炭世和早二叠世植物群古生态研究  

PALAEOECOLOGICAL STUDIES OF LATE CARBONIFEROUS AND EARLY PERMIAN FLORA FROM NORTHERN PART OF HELAN MOUNTAINS

作　　者：孙克勤 张周良 阴家润 胡善亭 

出　　处：《现代地质》1996年第3期316-324,T002,共10页Geoscience

摘　　要：对贺兰山北段呼鲁斯太和沙巴台地区晚石炭世和早二叠世植物化石进行了研究，共鉴定植物化石２０属４０种，讨论了植物群的性质和时代。在研究植物群特征基础上，分析了植物化石埋藏类型，论证了植物群的古生态特征，划分了５个植物群落：（１）Ｂｏｔｈｒｏｄｅｎｄｒｏｎｃｉｒｃｕｌａｒｅ群落；（２）Ｌｅｐｉｄｏｄｅｎｄｒｏｎｓｕｂｒｈｏｍｂｉｃｕｍ群落；（３）Ｌｅｐｉｄｏｄｅｎｄｒｏｎｓｚｅｉａｎｕｍ群落；（４）Ｔａｅ－ｎｉｏｐｔｅｒｉｓｍｕｃｒｏｎａｔａ群落；（５）Ｐｅｃｏｐｔｅｒｉｓｏｒｉｅｎｔａｌｉｓ群落。这５个植物群落的时代分别相当于晚石炭世早期、晚石炭世中期、晚石炭世晚期、早二叠世早期和早二叠世晚期。石松类植物在晚石炭世沼泽环境最为丰富，以华夏植物区大量的特有种为特征。而蕨类植物和种子蕨类植物在早二叠世的泥炭沼泽和泛滥平原环境占优势。这些植物群落在晚石炭世和早二叠世广泛分布在不同演化阶段的泥炭沼泽和碎屑低地环境，指示温暖潮湿的气候条件。The fossil plants studied in this paper contain 40 species in 20 genera from the Late Carboniferous and Early Permian strata in Hulusitai and Shabatai of the northern part of the Helan mountains. Six major plant groups constituted significant components to this area during the Late Carboniferous and Early Permian period. These groups were Lycopsida, Sphenosida, Filices, Pteridospermopsida, Cordaitopsida and Semina Gymnospermarum. The characteristics and ages of the flora are discussed. Based on the studies of the floral characteristics, taphonomy and palaeoecology, the flora can be divided into five plant communities in ascending order as follows: 1. Bothrodendron circulare community; 2. Lepidodendron subrhombicum community; 3. Lepidodendron szeianum community; 4. Taeniopteris mucronata community, and 5. Pecopteris orientalis community. The ages of the five plant communities are equivalent to the early stage of the Late Carboniferous, the middle stage of the Late Carboniferous, the late stage of the Late Carboniferous, the early stage of the Early Permian and the late stage of the Early Permian, respectively. The lycopods, which were the most abundant in peat swamps during the Late Carboniferous, were characterized by the largest number of endemic species of the Cathaysia province; while ferns and pteridosperms were the dominant plants in the peat swamps and floodplain environments during the Early Permian. These plant communities were widely distributed in the swamp and clastic lowland environments of various evolutionary stages, which indicated a warm and humid climatic condition.

关 键 词：晚石炭世 早二叠世 植物化石 古生态 古植物 

分 类 号：Q914.645[天文地球—古生物学与地层学] Q914.646[生物学—古生物学]