家庭装修室内空气污染对居民健康影响  

Investigation on indoor air pollution to health in decorated houses

作　　者：李曙光[1] 刘亚平[1] 林丽鹤 曹鹏远 霍斌[1] 张伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林省卫生厅卫生监督所,长春130062

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2007年第4期400-401,共2页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金："十五"国家医学科技攻关课题(2001BA704B01)

摘　　要：目的探讨室内装修空气污染的主要污染物、污染程度及对人群健康的影响。方法采用随机整群抽样的方法,在长春市选择装修6个月内的住户,监测甲醛、氨和总挥发性有机物(TVOC)的浓度,同时进行问卷调查。结果甲醛和总挥发性有机物(VOCs)是家庭装修室内空气污染的主要污染物;甲醛暴露量每增加5 mg/m3,发生中枢神经系统反应、眼、鼻、喉刺激症状、呼吸系统反应和皮肤过敏反应的危险性分别增加2.833,8.751,2.452和3.102倍;随着TVOC暴露量的增加,发生中枢神经系统反应和呼吸道系统反应的危险性分别增加2.776和2.044倍。结论室内装修中甲醛暴露量与人群发生中枢神经系统反应、眼、鼻、喉刺激症状、呼吸系统反应和皮肤过敏反应有关。TVOC暴露量与人群发生中枢神经系统反应和呼吸系统反应有关。Objective To explore the major pollution, the pollution condition and the effect to health in decorated houses. Methods Decorated houses within 6 months in Changchun were selected with the method of cluster radom sampling. To examine densities of formaldehyde, ammonia, total volatile organic compounds（TVOC） and complete questionaire. Results Formaldehyde and VOCs were the major air pollutions in decorated houses. Formaldehyde exposure increases 5 mg/m^3 every time, the risk increases 2. 833, 8. 751, 2. 452 and 3. 102 times separately on the central nervous system reactions, the irritation symptoms of eyes, noses and throat, the respiratory system reactions and the skin allergic reactions. With TVOC exposure increasing, the risk increases 2. 776 and 2. 044 times separately in the central nervous system reactions and the respiratory system reactions. Conclusion Formaldehyde exposure was connected with the central nervous system reactions, the irritation symptoms of eyes, noses and throat, the respiratory system reactions and the skin allergic reactions in decorated houses. TVOC exposure was connected with the central nervous system reactions and the respiratory system reactions in decorated houses.

关 键 词：家庭装修 空气污染 健康 甲醛 氨 总挥发性有机物(TVOC) 

分 类 号：R122.2[医药卫生—环境卫生学]