基于专利的区域环境技术创新水平空间分异研究  

Spatial discrepancy in patent-based innovation of environmental technologies

作　　者：孙亚梅[1] 吕永龙[1] 王铁宇[1] 马骅[1] 邢颖[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2007年第3期123-129,共7页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40471130)

摘　　要：以环境技术专利表征创新水平，采用绝对指标与相对指标、专利结构布局系数（或特化系数）与技术创新主体结构布局系数，衡量中国各省市环境技术创新水平的空间分异，探讨其不平衡性的原因。研究结果表明，绝对指标评价的环境技术创新水平，呈现“东高西低”的格局；相对指标表征的环境技术创新水平，大部分省市的评价结果基本上在0．1～0．5、0．59～1．04之间，空间分异不明显。东部地区省市发明专利、企业专利特化系数高，如天津、香港、北京、上海的发明专利特化系数均在1．3以上，香港和上海的企业专利特化系数大于2。但是发明专利、公司企业专利——2项最具价值的专利技术创新水平均较高的省市不多，我国环境技术创新水平整体水平不高。Based on the patents of environmental technologies, the regional discrepancy on the innovation level of environmental technologies was studied in this paper. Absolute and relative indicators as well as location quotient index （or specialized index） of the patents and technological innovation subjects were used. Results indicated that the innovation level of environmental technologies presents the pattern that the east is higher than the west in China assessed by the absolute indicator. On the other hand assessed by the relative indicator, the value is between 0.1 - 0.5 and 0.59 - 1.04 in most of the provinces, so the difference is not very evident. The location quotient index of the invention patent and enterprise patent in most eastern provinces is higher than that in other regions, the index value of invention patent is beyond 1.3, such as in Tianjin, Hongkong, Beijing, and Shanghai; the index value of enterprise is beyond 2, such as in Hongkong and Shanghai. The invention patent and emprise patent is the most valuable innovation, however, most of the provinces didnt have two patents both in high level. Conclusion is drawn that the capacity of environmental innovation is not very strong and the innovation structure of the environmental technology is not perfect in the whole country.

关 键 词：环境技术创新 空间分异 专利 布局系数 聚类分析 

分 类 号：X-1[环境科学与工程]