梯度淹水胁迫下全日潮海区秋茄幼苗的生长和生理反应  

Growth and Physiological Response of Kandelia candel L. Druce Seedlings to Gradients of Waterlogging Stress in the Diurnal Sea Area

作　　者：何斌源[1] 赖廷和 王文卿[2] 陈剑锋 邱广龙 

机构地区：[1]广西红树林研究中心,广西北海536007 [2]厦门大学生命科学院,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《海洋通报》2007年第2期42-49,共8页Marine Science Bulletin

基　　金：广西科学基金项目(桂科自0447007)

摘　　要：以秋茄(Kandelia candel L.Druce)幼苗为材料,在全日潮海区广西英罗湾开展为期5个月的野外梯度淹水胁迫实验。3座平台作为重复,每座设置8个梯度,相邻高程组间的高度相差10cm。实验5个月后测定幼苗的生长状况和一些生理指标。结果表明:秋茄幼苗的生长高度、节数、叶数和大根数这4个外部形态特征指标的最大值均出现在360cm高程组。生长高度、节数、叶数的曲线较为一致,幼苗大根数的略有不同,但总体上可看出太低的高程均不利于这4个指标的增长。叶面积对淹水胁迫的反应与叶数一致,但高程组之间的差异更大。叶绿素含量则表现长时间淹水胁迫促进含量增高。在任一高程组,秋茄幼苗各新生器官生物量分配均表现为:茎>根>叶。各新生器官及全株生物量的最大值出现在360cm高程组,它们的干重曲线表现比较一致。幼苗根系中的活性氧清除酶类活性均高于叶片。根系中SOD酶和POD酶的分布规律较为一致,都以360cm高程组的活性最高。叶片中SOD酶和POD酶的变化则相反,叶片SOD酶随高程增大而降低,POD酶则随高程增大而增大。根系中活性氧清除酶类活性的水平与幼苗全株生物量的关系均呈显著相关,叶片中的则无此相关性。360cm及以上高程组幼苗全部存活,较低高程组有部分死亡。综合本文实验结果,可初步判断北部湾沿海秋茄造林的滩涂高程不宜低于当地平均海平面。A field waterlogging stress experiment on the Kandelia candel L. Druce seedlings were conducted in the Yingluo Bay （ 109° 43′ E, 21° 28′ N ） of Guangxi, China, where the tide type was a diurnal one. Three wooden platforms as three replicates were built for the seedlings cultivation and eight gradients of sea level altitudes （ abbreviated as SLA ） on each platform were provided, with a difference of 10 cm in height between neighboring treatments. After five months of cultivation under gradients of SLA , the growth states of the seedlings and some physiological responses in relation to the waterlogging tolerant capacity were measured. The results showed that all the four maximums of height, node number, leaf number and cable root number occurred under the 360cm SLA group. As a whole, too low SLA hampered the development of the height, node, leaf and cable root. The leaf areas followed the same rule as the leaf numbers＇, while the differences in of the former between SLA groups were more significant than in the latter. The chlorophyll contents of lower SLA groups were higher than the higher ones, indicating that the longer waterlogging had a positive promotion to the increase of chlorophyll contents. In each SLA group, the order of biomass composition in different neonatal organs was： leaf 〉root 〉 stem for K. candel seedling. All the maximums of neonatal organs and total biomass of the seedling occurred in the 360cm SLA group, and their biomass curves were very similar. The activities of reactive-oxygen-processed enzymes in root were higher than those in leaf in the same gruop. In root, the SOD followed the same rule as POD, and both of their maximums occurred in the 360 cm SLA group. In leaf, there showed an opposite trend, with the SLA increased, the SOD activity decreased while the POD increased. There existed significant correlation between the total biomasses of the seedling and the activities of reactive-oxygen-processed enzymes in root, but not in leaf. Seedlings under the 360 cm-and-abo

关 键 词：秋茄幼苗 全日潮 海面高程 淹水胁迫 生长反应 

分 类 号：Q178.53[生物学—水生生物学]