中美两国保护性耕作的管理与应用对比分析  

A Comparison of management and application of conservation tillage between America and China

作　　者：吴红丹[1] 李洪文[2] 李问盈[2] 王晓燕[2] 李民[3] 胡东元[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学信息与电气工程学院,北京100083 [2]中国农业大学工学院,北京100083 [3]农业部农业机械化技术开发推广总站,北京100021 [4]农业部农业机械试验鉴定总站,北京100102

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2007年第2期40-44,共5页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：农业部948重大专项"保护性耕作系列机具与关键技术引进"(2004-Q1)

摘　　要：国外多年的保护性耕作实践表明,保护性耕作能减少土壤风蚀水蚀,改善生态环境,降低劳动成本,提高生产率。通过对中美两国保护性耕作管理现状及应用推广等方面的对比分析,指出我国保护性耕作技术虽然提出与实验已有十几年,大面积的试点示范工作也有4年时间,但总体应用面积还不大,不足全国总耕地面积的10%,远没有发挥出保护性耕作的效应,与先进国家仍存在很大的差距。强调我国在推广保护性耕作技术时应着力加强几个关键环节,如国家政策扶持、转变观念、建立科学的管理和信息采集与发布机制、研发适合国情的保护性耕作配套机具等。Conservation tillage has been shown as a wind and water erosion reduction technology for improving ecological environment. Researches for many years in developed countries show that conservation tillage is a very important practice to reduce cost and increase productivity efficiency. Conservation tillage technology has been practiced for more than 10 years in China, the demonstration and extension of conservation tillage was developed 4 years ago. However the conservation tillage acre is still less than 10 % of the total planted acre, which cannot meet the requirement of extension. This paper reviewed the different characters on the management and application between America and China. Some points for successfully realizing sustainable agricultural development were emphasized, such as policy supporting of the government, changing the conception from tradition tillage to conservation tillage, and the conservation tillage equipment/tool development. It is necessary to accelerate the extension pace of the conservation tillage in china.

关 键 词：保护性耕作 管理 应用 

分 类 号：S345[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术] S233[农业科学—农艺学]