稻瘿蚊种群DNA指纹及水稻抗稻瘿蚊分子标记育种技术研究  

DNA fingerprinting of the Asian rice gall midge,Orseolia oryzae,and breeding for the resistant varieties by marker-assisted selection

作　　者：黄炳超[1] 张扬[1] 谢振文[1] 张桂权[2] 肖汉祥[1] 李宏[3] J.Bennett 刘名镇 周少川[3] S.K.Katiyar 陈伟洲 黄朝锋[2] 谭玉娟[1] 徐炎康[1] 赵丽霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所,广州510640 [2]华南农业大学农学院,广州510642 [3]广东省农业科学院水稻研究所,广州510640 [4]国际水稻研究所 [5]江西省宁都县名林水稻研究所,江西省宁都342818 [6]清远市农业局,广东省清远市511515

出　　处：《昆虫知识》2007年第2期164-171,共8页Entomological Knowledge

基　　金：国际水稻研究所亚洲水稻生物技术网项目(RETA5667;CE2/CE5);广东省国际合作项目(9751005);国家外专局外引推广项目(Y200444400003);广东省人大农科议案推广项目;广东省农业科学院项目

摘　　要：文章综述经10年（1996-2005）研究建立的亚洲稻瘿蚊Orseolia oryzae Wood-Mason种群DNA指纹检测技术和水稻抗稻瘿蚊分子育种技术的研究成果。其核心技术包括5点：（1）在国际和国内首先用AFLP方法研究亚洲5国（中国,印度,斯里兰卡,尼泊尔和老挝）及广东省7个地点亚洲稻瘿蚊种群DNA指纹及其生物多样性;（2）分别用RAPD和微卫星SSR技术对来源于我国的水稻资源大秋其的抗亚洲稻瘿蚊基因Gm6进行精细定位;（3）分别用与Gm6基因紧密连锁的STS分子标记和SSR标记,建立了分子标记辅助选择（MAS）方法选育抗稻瘿蚊新品种的技术体系;（4）应用建立的分子标记辅助选育新技术选育出一批抗亚洲稻瘿蚊中国种群的新品系,创造出一批新种质,包括抗蚊18号、抗蚊软占等达国优3级的抗稻瘿蚊新品系6个;（5）将Gm6基因导入杂交稻恢复系,选育出4个抗稻瘿蚊两系杂交稻新组合培矮64S/KG18,培矮64S/KI41,培矮64S/AK7,培矮64S/03W16（国优2级）和1个三系杂交稻新组合抗蚊博优。其中江西省宁都市名林水稻研究所应用本研究鉴定出的带有Gm6基因的品系抗蚊青占作为抗性亲本,培育出的2个抗稻瘿蚊的两系杂交稻组合安两优青占和培两优抗占通过省级品种审定,率先选育出抗稻瘿蚊种群的杂交稻。该项研究成果为控制华南稻瘿蚊的灾害发生提供新的技术措施,选育的抗稻瘿蚊品种和新种质,在华南广为应用,取得显著的经济效益。The present paper summarized the research achievements in identification of the populations of the Asian rice gall midge （GM） Orseolia oryzae Wood-Mason using DNA fingerprinting technique and breeding for resistant varieties by marker-assisted selection （MAS） in China during 1996 - 2005. The core techniques include （1） first application of DNA fingerprinting and ALFP markers in China and the world on the studies on the biotype identification and biodiversity of GM populations from 5 Asian countries （China, India, Sri Lanka, Nepal and Laos） and from 7 locations of Guangdong province, China; （2） fine mapping of the resistance gene Gm6 in rice germplasm ‘Daqiuqi＇ from China using RAPD and SSR markers ; （3） establishment of the breeding technique for new resistant eultivars using MAS based on the closely-linked STS and SSR markers to the gene Gin6; （4） six new GM-resistant flee germplasms were developed including ‘ Kangwen 18＇ and ＇ Kangwen-ruanzhan＇ using the established MAS; and （ 5 ） Gin6 was incorporated into the restorer line of hybrid rice. New GM-resistant hybrid combinations have been bred in 4 two-line hybrids of Peiai 64S/KG18, Peiai 64S/KI41, Peiai 64S/AK7 and Peiai 64S/03W16, and in 1 three-line of ＇Kangwen-boyou＇. Two GM-resistant two-line hybrid rice of ＇Anliangyou-qingzhan＇ and ＇ Peiliangyou-kangzhan‘ using ＇ Kangwen-qingzhan＇ with the gene Gm6 as the resistance donor were registered as the new varieties in Jiangxi province, China. The present research achievements has provided a new control measure for GM management in South China. The newly developed GM-resistant rice gernplasms and cuhivars have been widely used in South China and rice farmers are beneficially profited.

关 键 词：水稻 稻瘿蚊 DAN指纹 分子标记辅助选择 育种 

分 类 号：S435.112[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S511[农业科学—植物保护]