5个持久抗条锈病小麦品种的抗性组分和遗传距离的研究  

Components of quantitative,durable resistance to stripe rust in five wheat cultivars and genetic distance among the cultivars

作　　者：冯晶[1] 张忠军[1] 李国辉[2] 周宇[1] 王海红[1] 郭庆港[1] 孙剑[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100094 [2]中国农业大学理学院,北京100094

出　　处：《植物病理学报》2007年第2期175-183,共9页Acta Phytopathologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30270905;30370920)

摘　　要：小麦数量抗病品种Aquileja(AQ)、Libellula(LB)、Luke(LK)、Nugaines(NG)和咸农4号(XN)具有持久抗条锈病特点,本文对这5个品种的抗性组分及它们之间的遗传距离进行了研究,以铭贤169(MX)为感病对照品种。苗期室内抗性组分试验表明:LB、XN、AQ3个品种与LK、NG2个品种相比,前者的气孔下泡囊密度低于后者;前者的菌落长度短于后者。其中AQ和XN的吸器密度低于LK和NG而高于LB;LK和NG的气孔下泡囊密度甚至高于感病对照品种MX。田间抗性组分试验表明:5个数量抗病品种AQ、LB、LK、NG和XN的反应型(IT)、严重度(DS)、病情发展曲线下面积(AUDPC)和病斑长度(LL)值均低于感病对照品种MX;数量抗病品种AQ、LB、LK、NG、XN之间相比,AQ的IT值最高而LB最低;NG的DS和AUDPC值最高而LB最低;AQ、NG和XN的LL值高于LB和LK;AQ的病斑密度值低于NG和LK而高于XN和LB。由此可见,LK和NG没有抗侵入能力而在成株期具有抗扩展能力,LB、AQ和XN除了具有抗扩展能力外,还具有降低侵入频率能力。基于SSR DNA指纹数据的聚类分析,AQ与LB为同一类,NG与XN为同一类,LK单独为一类。由此推测,AQ或LB与其它3个数量抗病品种之间杂交的后代中可能会出现性状超亲分离,本实验室报道的AQ/NG杂交组合的结果证明了这一点。本文为进一步的抗病遗传育种工作提供了有用信息。Wheat cultivars Aquileja （ AQ）, Libellula （ LB ）, Luke （ LK）, Nugaines （NG） and Xian Nong 4 （XN） were previously reported possessing quantitative, durable resistance to stripe rust disease. The study was conducted to analyze the components of stripe rust resistance in these cultivars and genetic distance among them. Wheat cultivar Ming Xian 169 （MX） was used as susceptible reference. In the experiments conducted at seedling stages in growth room, LB, XN and AQ showed lower density of substomatal vesicle and shorter length of colony of the rust fungus than LK and NG did. AQ and XN showed lower density of haustorium than LK and NG, while higher than LB. Unexpectedly, it was found that the density of substomatal vesicle in LK and NG was higher than that in susceptible reference MX. In the experiments conducted at adult-plant stages in fields, the five quantitative resistance cultivars, AQ, LB, LK, NG and XN, showed lower value of infection type （IT）, disease severity （DS）, area under the disease progress curve （AUDPC） and lesion length （LL） than the susceptible reference MX. Compared among AQ, LB, LK, NG, and XN, the IT was highest on AQ and lowest on LB, while the DS and AUDPC were highest on NG and lowest on LB. AQ, NG and XN showed longer LL than LK and LB. Lesion density was lower on XN and LB than that on AQ, and still lower than that on NG and LK. From these results it could be concluded that LK and NG were not capable of limiting penetration, while could restrict lesion extension at adult-plant stage. LB, XN and AQ were capable of limiting penetration as well as restricting lesion extension. The cluster analyses based on SSR DNA data grouped AQ and LB together, NG and XN were classified into the same group and LK was a separate one. On the basis of these results, transgressive segregation could be expected in the crosses of AQ or LB with any of the remaining three cultivars of quantitative resistance. This was confirmed from the results on the cross AQ! NG previously re

关 键 词：小麦 条锈菌 持久抗性 抗性组分 SSR技术 

分 类 号：S435.121.42[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]