年龄、性别和父母教养方式对小学生自我概念发展的影响  

The effects of gender,age and rearing styles of parents on pupils' self-concept development.

作　　者：刘军[1] 文红[1] 向虎[1] 钟昆[1] 王丹[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省绵阳市第三人民医院,621000

出　　处：《四川精神卫生》2007年第2期71-73,共3页Sichuan Mental Health

摘　　要：目的探讨年龄、性别和父母教养方式对小学生自我概念发展的影响。方法使用Piers-Harris儿童自我概念量表、父母养育方式问卷(EMBU)以及结合小学生不同年龄、性别的特征对其自我概念的发展的影响进行了探讨。结果表明小学生自我概念部分分量表得分及总分与性别和年龄差异均显著;父母的情感温暖和理解与小学生自我概念的发展呈显著的正相关,而母亲的拒绝否认与小学生自我概念的发展呈显著的负相关。结论女生比男生有更好的学校表现和躯体外貌的评价、更为合群、行为问题更少和更为自信;在不同的年龄组间自我概念呈现不同的发展水平;父母教养方式是影响小学生自我概念发展的一个重要因素之一。Objective To explore the effects of gender, age and rearing style of parents on pupils self-concept development. Methods Piers- Harris Children＇s Self-concept Scale（PHCSS） and EMBU were ealuated to pupils＇self-concept development respectively. And the effects of gender and age on pupils＇ self- concept development were analysed. Resuits The analysis shows that the subscales and total scores of PHCSS were significant difference in both gender and age. Parental love and understanding had an obviously positive effect on pupils＇ selfconcept development while parental refus- al and indifference had an obviously negative effect. Conclusion Compared with boys, girls make better schocl performances and have better body and appearance evaluation. What＇ s more,girls are more sociable,more confident and have less behavior problems. Different age groups of pupils tend to have different self- concept levels. Parental rearing styles is one of the important factors that affect pupils＇ self-concept development.

关 键 词：父母教养方式 小学生 自我概念的发展水平 性别 年龄 

分 类 号：R359.6[医药卫生—基础医学]