小麦-滨麦-偃麦草三属杂种的创制及其遗传分析  

SYNTHESIS AND GENETIC ANALYSIS OF TRIGENERIC HYBRID INVOL VING TRITICUM,LEYMUS AND THINOPYRUM

作　　者：邵斌[1] 李兴锋[1] 王秀芹 王洪刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学农学院 [2]枣庄市农科院

出　　处：《山东农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2007年第1期75-80,共6页Journal of Shandong Agricultural University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30270826);山东农业大学大学生科研训练项目(SRT)计划资助(0301001)

摘　　要：利用八倍体小滨麦和八倍体小偃麦杂交,创制出小麦-滨麦-偃麦草三属杂种,对杂种F_1进行了形态学、育性和细胞学分析。结果表明:以小滨麦作母本较易创制出三属杂种,其杂交结实率平均为20．8%。杂种F_1形态特征介于双亲之间,具有较强的杂种优势,生长旺盛,熟期晚,自交结实率较低。F_1花粉母细胞减数分裂中期Ⅰ平均染色体构型为18．58Ⅰ+18．59Ⅱ+0．085Ⅲ+0．028Ⅳ,PMC后期Ⅰ观察到部分落后染色体排列在赤道板上;二分体、四分体和小孢子时期,细胞内普遍观察到微核,且出现大量异形细胞。三属杂种F_1的花粉育性较低。The trigeneric hybrid involving Triticum, Leymus and Thinop）Tum has been created by the cross between Octoploid Tritileymus and Octoploid Tritithinopyrum, and the morphology, fertility and cytology of the F1 hybrids was studied. The results shows that it is easy to create the trigeneric hybrid while the Tritileymus as female parent, and the rate of hybridfertility is 20.8% on average. F1 hybrid has the morphological feature which is between the male and female parents and showed strong heterosis, exuberant vitality, late ripe period and low rate of selffertility. The average chromosome configuration of F1 in PMC MI was 18.58 Ⅰ ＋ 18.59 Ⅱ＋ 0. 085 Ⅲ ＋ 0.028Ⅳ. At anphase Ⅰ in PMC, some cleus and a lot of abnormal cells can be observed at laggard chromosomes arranged in equatorial plate. Micronudyad, tetrad and microspore . The fertility of pollen F1 of tri generic hybrid is low.

关 键 词：三属杂种 滨麦草 偃麦草 细胞学 育性 

分 类 号：TU832[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]