温度对心率和心率变异的影响  

The Effect of Temperature on Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability

作　　者：孙洁[1] 李亘松[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学生理教研室,辽宁沈阳110001

出　　处：《解剖科学进展》2007年第1期87-90,共4页Progress of Anatomical Sciences

基　　金：沈阳市科技局科技攻关项目

摘　　要：心率变异(heart rate variability,HRV)是判断自主神经活动最好的定量指标,有时域、频域和非线性等研究方法。频域方法适用于短时程记录,而时域法对分析长时程记录较为理想。HRV的发生基础是自主神经对心率的调节作用,反映了神经体液因素与窦房结相互作用的平衡关系。心率变异受诸多外周和中枢因素的影响,体温及环境温度的变化影响着心血管活动的调节,是HRV的重要起因。极低频(very low frequencies,VLF)功率受温度刺激(如低体温和体温调节活动)的调制,皮肤降温不会特异的影响此频带,表明功率谱中特别频带的改变依赖于体温调节激发模式,而不是体温调节本身。中枢神经系统的损伤可引起心脏自主神经的异常活动并降低HRV,低体温处理可以使HRV的降低更显著。因此研究体温及环境温度与HRV的关系具有非常重要的实用价值。Heart rate variability （HRV） is the best quantitative index for estimating the activity of the autonomic nervous system, with time domain method（ more desirable for long-term recordings ）, frequency domain method （suitable for short-time recording） ,nonlinear method for the study of HRV. The physiological foundation of HRV is the regulation of autonomic nervous sytem to the heart rate, which reflects the balance of the interaction between the neurehumor and the sinus node. HRV is affected by many peripheral and central factors. The changes of the body and ambient temperature affect the regulation of cardiovascular activity, which is the important origin of HRV. Very low frequencies （VLF） is modulated by thermal stimuli which result in core hypothermia and thermoregulatory activity, while skin-surface cooling does not selectively modulate this frequency band . The change in particular frequency bands of the power spectra depends upon the mode of thermoregulatory challenge, and not thermoregulation per se. Injury of central nervous system can induce abnormal function of automatic nerve of heart and reduction of HRV, and hypethermia therapy can reduce HRV more greatly.

关 键 词：心率变异 环境温度 自主神经活动 中枢神经系统 神经体液因素 心脏自主神经 频域方法 体温调节 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]