新疆杏的气候生态适应性及花期霜冻气候风险区划  

Ecological adaptability and venture climatic subarea zoning based on frost in florescence of apricot in Xinjiang

作　　者：徐德源[1] 王健[1] 任水莲 杨晓光[3] 崔晓军 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,乌鲁木齐830002 [2]新疆环境气象中心,乌鲁木齐830002 [3]中国农业大学,北京100094 [4]气象出版社,北京100081

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2007年第2期18-21,共4页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：新疆科技兴农项目"新疆‘名特优’农产品气候区划;引种及发展对策";科技部重大基础研究前期专项(2002CCA04600);国家自然科学基金项目(40475041)资助

摘　　要：新疆杏产区的光、热、水、土等条件都能很好地满足杏生长、发育的需求,从萌芽到果实成熟期只需≥10℃积温2500℃·d,杏树就能正常开花结果。杏树开花、幼果形成期间的低温霜冻对杏的产量和经济效益有很大影响。天山以北冬季寒冷,杏树越冬保证率低,限制了其发展。用自然灾害风险分析原理,以霜冻灾损率为区划指标,把新疆杏产区划分为4个花期霜冻灾害气候风险区,分析了各区的霜冻发生频率和冻害程度以及发展杏产业的利弊条件。The natural conditions such as sunshine intensity, heat and water resources,and soil environments in Xinjiang apricot production areas are fit for the growth of apricot. The apricot can bloom and fruit normally provided that the acumulated temperature over 10℃; is more than 2500℃; from sprouting to fruit maturing of apricot. Yield of apricots is limited by low temperature and frost in its florescence influencing its economy. Because of the lower temperature in winter in north part of Tianshan Mountain, the survival rate through the winter is very low limiting the development of apricot in this area. By using the theory of analyzing natural disaster and the losing rate as the climatic index, the apricot planting areas in Xinjiang are zoned into four climatic parts. And the frequency of frost,degree of freeze injure,advantage and disadvantage of developing apricot industry in Xinjiang are discussed.

关 键 词：气候 生态适应性 霜冻灾损率 风险区划 新疆杏 

分 类 号：S665.202.2[农业科学—果树学]