黄土高原温室黄瓜斑潜蝇发生规律研究  

Studies on outbreak regularity of cucumber leafminer in greenhouse in Loess Plateau

作　　者：陈志杰[1] 张锋[1] 梁银丽[2] 张淑莲[1] 徐福利[2] 

机构地区：[1]陕西省动物研究所,西安710032 [2]中国科学院水土保持研究所,杨陵712100

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2007年第2期133-136,共4页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新项目(KZCX1-06-02);国家科技攻关项目(2001BA5081317)资助

摘　　要：通过大田调查与室内试验相结合的方法,研究了黄土高原温室黄瓜斑潜蝇发生规律。结果表明,黄土高原温室黄瓜斑潜蝇有4种,美洲斑潜蝇(Liriomyza sativae)为优势种,在温室内年发生8～10代,10月中旬～11月下旬为第一个发生高峰期,3月下旬至5月中旬为第二个发生高峰即防治关键时期。以各种虫态在温室内取食为害度过冬天,不能在田间自然条件下越冬。斑潜蝇幼虫在黄瓜植株上的垂直分布具有明显的层次性,以中下部密度最大,占90％以上。温度超过45℃持续2h或土壤相对湿度达100％超过20h,蛹羽化率均为0。温室种植模式、栽培面积及天敌等是影响斑潜蝇种群数量的主要因素。The field investigation and lab experiment were conducted to study the outbreaking characters of cucumber leafminer in greenhouse on Loess Plateau. The results show that four species of cucumber leafminer are found in greenhouse on Loess Plateau. Among them, Liriomyza sativae is the dominant species. The insect grows for 8 -10 generations per year in sunshine greenhouse. Two injurious peaks happen from mid October to late November and from late March to mid May, respectively, and the second peak is the key time to control the insect. The insect not being able to llve through winter outside the greenhouse has to stay in the greenhouse. The vertical distribution of leafminers on cucumber is obvious- ly in stratification,in mid and lower strata more than 90 % of the larvae disperses. The eclosion rate of larvae is zero when the temperature is higher than 45℃ for 2 hours or the relative moisture of soil is 100% for 20 hours. The plantation mode,culturing area, and natural enemy are important factors affecting the population of cucumber leafminer.

关 键 词：黄土高原 日光温室 黄瓜 斑潜蝇 发生规律 

分 类 号：S436.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]