流域输沙模数与流域面积关系研究  

Study on the relationship between sediment yield and drainage area

作　　者：景可[1] 师长兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《泥沙研究》2007年第1期17-23,共7页Journal of Sediment Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:40471017);973项目(2003CB415202)资助

摘　　要：提出至今所有流域泥沙输移比与流域面积关系其实质都是流域输沙模数与流域面积的关系。前人的流域输沙模数与流域面积关系的研究结论认为一般都是呈现反比关系,黄河中游流域输沙模数与流域面积不是这样的关系,这是一个特例。本文通过三个不同层面,即长江干流、黄河干流,长江上游、黄河中游主要支流及任意流域的流域输沙模数与流域面积关系的分析研究,认为黄河中游流域输沙模数与流域面积不是反比关系,这不是特例。因为,长江上游无论是干流还是支流或任意流域的流域输沙模数与流域面积同样不存在一个规律的反比关系。流域输沙模数与流域面积的真正关系不是受控于流域面积的大小,而是取决于流域所在区域的地质构造单元的性质、地貌类型及土地利用的合理性等多个因素,其中最本质的是地貌类型、地质构造单元的活动性质及控制面积。本研究可以推进河流泥沙学科的发展、开拓环境学科的研究思路和有助于流域大型水库的泥沙淤积前景的科学预测;同时对流域尺度转换理论在地学中的正确应用的可能性也是有重要的启迪作用。This paper reviews the previous studies on the relationship between sediment delivery ratio area which reflects essentially the relationship between sediment yield and drainage area. Although and drainage the inverse-proportion relationship has been widely accepted, this relationship is not applicable to the catchments in the middle Yellow River. Based on the data from the mainstreams of the Yangtze River and the Yellow River, the catchments in the upper Yangtze River and the middle Yellow River, the inverse-proportion relationship is not applicable to the upper Yangtze River either. The relationship between sediment yield and drainage area, in fact, is not controlled by the drainage area, but is related to the geology, topography and land use of the catchments. This study may improve development of fluvial geomorphology and environmental sciences and the sedimentation in large reservoirs, and could help us to correctly apply the theory of spatial scale transfer in geography.

关 键 词：泥沙输移比 输沙模数 流域尺度 流域面积 

分 类 号：TV142[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]