放牧利用下气候因子和奶牛排泄物施肥对混播草地牧草生长的影响  

Effects of climatic factors and excreta fertilization on grass growth of mixed pasture

作　　者：王文[1] 刘国友 于应文[3] 徐震[3] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省秦王川高科技农业示范基地管理办公室,甘肃兰州730200 [2]大连富生制药有限公司,辽宁大连116600 [3]兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《草原与草坪》2007年第2期22-24,27,共4页Grassland and Turf

基　　金：国家科技攻关计划课题(2004BA528B-1-3);教育部"博士点基金项目"(20030730008);云南"草地-肉牛生产系统草畜动态平衡与肉牛短期育肥研究"

摘　　要：研究了奶牛排泄物施肥对草地牧草生长速率、年产量的影响,分析了研究区主要气候因子(月均温,降水和日照时数)对牧草生长的效应。3个气候因子对牧草生长均具显著正效应(P<0.05和P<0.01),其影响顺序为降水>温度>日照时数;草地牧草的生长可很好地用PGR=a+b×P模型估测,PGR为牧草月生长速率,P为月降水量,a和b为常数。草地排泄物施肥能增加牧草生长速率,显著增加牧草年产量(P<0.05),使翌年牧草高峰期提前。通过对研究区降水资料和放牧家畜采食牧草需求资料分析,进行合理饲料预算,可做到以草定畜。The experiment was conducted to determine the effects of excreta fertilization on grass growth and annual dry matter yield, and the influences of main climatic factors, including of air temperature, precipitation and sunshine hours on grass growth were also analyzed. The three climatic factors showed the significant positive effect on grass growth（P〈0.05 and P〈0.01） ,and the effecting order of three climatic factors was precipitation〉temperate〉sunshine-hours. Grass growth could be estimated by the lineal model of PGR=a＋b× P, where PGR is grass growth rate（DM kg/hm^2· d）, P is monthly precipitation（mm/month）. Excreta fertilization could increase grass growth rate, significantly enhance the annual dry matter yield（P〈0.05）,and increase the peak value of grass growth rate in second year. Moreover,after analysis of precipitation and intake demand of grazing livestock, this research also could determine the feed supply and stocking rate by estimating grass yield.

关 键 词：气候因子 排泄物 混播草地 牧草生长 

分 类 号：S54[农业科学—作物学]