青藏高原“黑土滩”退化高寒草甸草原的形成机制和治理方法的研究进展  

Study on the forming mechanism of "black beach" degraded alpine meadow on Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and the research progress on its restoration

作　　者：王宝山[1] 尕玛加 张玉[3] 

机构地区：[1]青海畜牧兽医职业技术学院,青海湟源812100 [2]青海泽库县草原站,青海泽库811400 [3]青海省草原总站,青海西宁811008

出　　处：《草原与草坪》2007年第2期72-77,共6页Grassland and Turf

基　　金：青海畜牧兽医职业技术学院创新基金

摘　　要：高寒草甸是青藏高原天然草地的主体,也是我国最重要和面积最大的一个草地类型。“黑土滩”是高寒草甸退化的综合表现,对当地、我国甚至东南亚和南亚的生态安全和经济发展具有重大的影响。本文论述了高寒草甸生态系统的气候、土壤、植被和动物特点,全面综述了“黑土滩”退化草地的特征和表现,分析了导致“黑土滩”形成的诸因素及其形成的综合原因和机理,阐述了“黑土滩”对生态环境和草地畜牧业生产的不利影响和危害,提供了恢复和治理“黑土滩”退化草地的原则和具体技术方法。Alpine meadow is the principal part of natural grassland on Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and it is also the most important and largest grassland type in China. ＂Black Beach＂is the compositive embodiment of alpine gedragation and it is greatly affecting the ecological safe and economical development of local area,China, even Southeast Asia and South Asia. The characteristics of climate, soil, vegetation and animal in alpine meadow ecosystem were discussed and the features of degraded alpine meadow were summarized in this paper. The causes and mechanism of ＂black beach＂were analyzed and the principles and technologies for its restoration were provided as well.

关 键 词：青藏高原 高寒草甸 黑土滩 退化草地 形成机制 治理方法 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]