华北煤田陷落柱的地下水内循环形成机理——以峰峰矿区为例  

Mechanism of groundwater inner circulation in sinking column formation in North China coal field——A case study at Fengfeng mine

作　　者：王经明[1] 刘文生 关永强 王军现 吴燔[1] 

机构地区：[1]华北科技学院,北京101601 [2]峰峰集团有限责任公司,河北邯郸0562101

出　　处：《中国岩溶》2007年第1期11-17,共7页Carsologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目"中国煤层气成藏机制及经济开采基础研究"(编号:2002CB211700)

摘　　要：分析了华北型煤田,特别是峰峰矿区陷落柱的发育规律,提出了陷落柱的地下水内部循环形成机理。认为莫霍面抬高和火成岩体产生的地热异常使得奥灰水产生内部对流循环,导致岩溶发育;论证了地热,特别是亚临界和超临界水对CaCO3溶解的加速作用,认为封闭环境中矽卡岩矿物在形成过程中产生的CO2和灰岩在热解过程中产生的CO2造成CO2分压升高,导致了CaCO3溶解速度的提高。文章还提出了灰岩内对流散热过程中“烟囱”效应,认为强烈对流区的“火苗”形溶洞进一步发展成为最有利于对流的“烟囱”,上覆岩层垮落后即形成陷落柱。据此,还解释了陷落柱边缘导水的原因。The forming law of sinking column in Huabei type coal field, especially at the Fengfeng coal mine is analyzed and the mechanism of groundwater inner cycle in sinking columns is put forth. The igneous intrusion and Mohorovicic discontinuity lift are considered as the main causes to generate abnormal geothermal to energize groundwater circulation and karst development in limestone. The CaCO3 dissolution accelerated by geothermal abnormality, by sub-critical and supercritical water is discussed. High content of CO2 generated by CaCO3decomposition and relieving when the skarn minerals form is considered to raise CO2 partial pressure and consequently enhance the dissolution of carbonate rocks. Chimney effect during hot water convection in the limestone aquifers was proposed. The paper assumes that the flame shaped cave in intensive convection areas developed into chimney that were favorable to convection. The overburden of the chimney collapsed and became sinking column. According to this, the causes that some sinking columns have permeable edge are explained. It is deduced that the above factors result in karst development with sinking column formation.

关 键 词：陷落柱 地下水内循环 地热 “烟囱”效应 

分 类 号：P462.25[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P641.3