贵州鹿冲关和雷公山酸雨化学特征的对比研究  

Study on chemical features of acid rain in Luchongguan and Leigongshan regions,Guizhou province

作　　者：敖子强[1] 瞿丽雅 林文杰 赵宇中[1] 彭世寿[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学地理与生物科学学院,贵州贵阳550001 [2]贵州省环境科学研究设计院,贵州贵阳550002

出　　处：《中国岩溶》2007年第1期61-66,共6页Carsologica Sinica

基　　金：中国和挪威IMPACTS项目;贵州省环保局项目基金资助

摘　　要：贵州是我国喀斯特面积分布最大的省份，同时又是我国酸雨的重灾区。通过对贵阳喀斯特地区鹿冲关和非喀斯特地区雷公山的酸雨进行对比分析，结果表明，两地的酸雨都是典型的硫酸型酸雨，而且鹿冲关的SO^2- 4和Ca^2＋含量很高，其降水、树冠水、穿落水、土壤表层水、土壤表层以下15cm、30cm的水和地表水中SO^2- 4的质量浓度平均值分别为20．9mg／L、66．2mg／L、56．6mg／L、175mg／L、62．2mg／L、63．3mg／L、52．8mg／L；Ca抖的质量浓度平均值分别为5．84mg／L、19．1mg／L、16．4mg／L、45．9mg／L、23．7mg／L、27．1mg／L、18．8mg／L；pH值分别为3．76～6．83、3．37～7．51、3．60～8．01、3．76～5．42、3．94～8．10、4．16～8．29、4．10～8．36，但小于4．50的并不多，其原因与所处的喀斯特环境缓冲能力很强有密切关系。Guizhou province is a region with heavy acid rain and the largest karst area in China. Chemical characteristics of precipitation for one year are analyzed in Luchongguan karst region and Leigongshan non- karst region in Guizhou province. The results show that they are both the typical sulfuric acid rain, while the contents of SO^2-and Ca^2＋of the water samples in Luchongguan are higher than that in Leigongshan. The average contents of SO^2- of rainwater, the water on the forest crown, throughfall, the soil water samples on the surface and at the depth of 15cm, 30cm are respectively 20. 9mg/L, 66. 2mg/L, 56.6mg/L, 175mg/L, 62. 2mg/L, 63. 3rag/L, 52. 8mg/L; and the average contents of Ca^2＋ of them are 5.84mg/L, 19. 1mg/L, 16. 4mg/L, 45.9mg/L, 23. 7mg/L, 27. 1mg/L, 18. 8mg/L respectively;and the pH values are 3.76-6.83, 3.37-7. 51,3.60-8.01, 3.76-5.42, 3.94-8.10, 4.16-8.29, 4. 10-8.36 respectively. However, the pH values in the most case at Luchongguan are higher than 4.5, which is explained by the fact Carbonate dust in the atmosphere in karst area has buffer capacity to acid rain.

关 键 词：酸雨 水化学特征 缓冲能力 喀斯特 非喀斯特 贵州 

分 类 号：P426.6[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]