水土保持生态服务功能评价方法  

Assessment methods of ecological functions of soil and water conservation measures

作　　者：余新晓[1] 吴岚[1] 饶良懿[1] 李静锐[1] 杨永强[1] 

机构地区：[1]水土保持与荒漠化防治教育部重点实验室北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2007年第2期110-113,共4页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：水利部中国科学院中国工程院"中国水土流失与生态安全综合科学考察"专题项目(2005SBKK00)

摘　　要：由于生态系统服务功能支撑与维持着地球生命系统的平衡与稳定,因此它已受到当今世界普遍关注。在我国水土流失严重的情况下,运用生态服务功能理论可以正确评价水土保持措施的作用,并为合理的生态建设规划提供依据。本文在总结Costanza等人理论的基础上,分析水土保持各项措施对保护和改良人类赖以生存的自然环境条件的综合效用。认为水土保持生态服务功能包括保护和涵养水源、保护和改良土壤、固碳释氧、净化空气和防风固沙等功能。另外,本文从水土保持工程措施、水土保持农业措施和水土保持林草措施3个方向为上述功能筛选了10个评价指标,且为各个指标分别建立了评价方法。这些指标及方法将有助于对水土保持措施的生态环境效应进行深入的分析与评价。How to maintain the ecological services of ecosystem is a very popular problem, because it support the balance and keep the stabilization of the eco-environment. And it is also the base of sustainable development. This paper, based on the Costanza＇s theory and others, after analyzing the aggregate functions of soil and water conservation measures, defined the ecological services of soil and water conservation as an aggregate function which can protect and improve the eco-environment. The ecological function included such as conserving water resource, preventing soil losses, carbon fixation ＆ releasing oxygen, cleaning air, and fixation sand. Those functions were subdivided by 10 indexes based on the scientific, practical, and acceptable ways. And every index had been constructed in the computing formula. Thus, those formulas could help to appraise the ecological functions of soil and water conservation measures correctly.

关 键 词：生态服务功能 水土保持 评价方法 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]