白术挥发油超临界CO_2萃取工艺优化及其成分分析  

Optimizing of the Parameters in SFE-CO_2 about Volatice Oil from Atractylodes Macrocephala Koidz. and Studying on Its Constituents

作　　者：吴佳[1] 周日宝[1] 童巧珍[1] 陈言[1] 王贵武 

机构地区：[1]湖南中医药大学药学院,湖南长沙410007 [2]湖南林业科技大学,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《中国现代中药》2007年第4期14-18,共5页Modern Chinese Medicine

基　　金：湖南省卫生厅"大宗道地中药材百合;玉竹等产业化基地认证研究"(04SK1007)

摘　　要：目的：确定超临界CO2萃取白术挥发油的最佳工艺并研究其挥发油成分。方法：采用正交试验对萃取条件进行优化并通过GC—MS分析萃取物中挥发油成分。结果：以萃取物得率为指标结合省时经济的原则评价最佳工艺为萃取压力30MPa，萃取温度40℃，流量25～30L·h^-1条件下萃取90min，得率为5．93％。其产物GC—MS分析共分离出49个组分，鉴定了其中的38个成分，油中以苍术酮（Atractylon）含量最高。结论：与传统方法相比，超临界CO2萃取白术挥发油收率高，耗时短，萃取温度低，且无溶剂残留，特别适用于热敏性、易氧化、易分解物质的提取，其萃取物中白术挥发油主成分与文献报道相似但也有一定差异。Objective： To establish the optimal conditions for extracting volatile oil from Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. by supercritical - CO2 fluid extraction （ SFE - CO2 ） and analyze its chemical constituents. Methods： We used orthogonal design to determine the optimal conditions for extracting volatile oil from Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. by SFE - CO2 and used GC - MS to analyze its chemical constituents. Results： Take the extraction rates of volatile oil as criterion and combine saving energy and time, determined the optimalextracting conditions were the pressure 30MPa, temperature 40℃, CO2 flowing rate 25 -30L· h^-1 and the extraction time is 90min. The extraction rate is 5. 93% . The volatile oil were analyzed by GC - MS, 38 of the 49 separated constituents were identified. Atractylon was the highest one. Conclusion： Compared with the traditional methods the extraction of volatile oil from Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. by SFE-CO2 is more effective, faster and lower temperature. It also has no organic solvent remnant, specially suit to extract the copositions sensitive to heat, oxygen and easy to decompose. Main constituents of volatile oil from Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. are similar to document but also have some different.

关 键 词：白术 超临界CO2萃取 正交试验 挥发油 GC—MS 

分 类 号：R284.2[医药卫生—中药学]