水文网络模型在分布式流域水文模拟中的应用  

Application of the Hydro-network Model in the Distributed Hydrological Modeling

作　　者：熊立华[1] 郭生练[1] 陈华[1] 林凯荣[1] 程进强[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《水文》2007年第2期26-29,共4页Journal of China Hydrology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50409008);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-05-0624);霍英东青年教师基金(101077)

摘　　要：水文网络模型是地理信息系统对流域实际河网水系的一种规范化描述,它采用拓扑关系来确定流域水流的空间聚合与分散。准确地描述水文网络对成功模拟流域水流的空间分布起着至关重要的作用。水文网络数据模型的关键在于如何表达水文网络的构成要素,以及如何建立要素间的拓扑关系。本文重点阐述了水文网络模型在分布式流域水文模拟中的应用。实例研究证明,采用水文网络模型来表达流域河网水系结构有助于准确地模拟流域上水流的空间与时间分布。Hydro-network is the standardized representation of the watersheds＇ river network by the Geographical Information System, and it uses the topological relationship to describe the spatial converge or diffusion of water flows in watersheds. In order to successfully simulate the spatial and temporal distribution of water flows in a watershed, it is vital to have an accurate topological relationship of the hydro-network in that watershed. The key to build a hydro-network model lies in defining the components of hydro-network and establishing the association among these components. Much attention was paid to the discussion of how to make a full use of the hydro-network＇s topological relationship in the distributed rainfall-runoff watershed modeling in this paper. An application example was provided and the studied result showed that using the hydro-network to represent the watersheds＇ river network was very helpful to the accurate simulation of the spatial and temporal distribution of water flows in watersheds.

关 键 词：水文网络 拓扑关系 分布式水文模型 地理信息系统 

分 类 号：P333.2[天文地球—水文科学]