籼型三系杂稻品质性状的配合力及遗传力分析  

Analysis on Combining Ability and Heritability in quality characters of Three-line indica Hybrid

作　　者：游晴如[1] 黄庭旭[1] 杨东[1] 涂诗航[1] 谢鸿光[1] 郑家团[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建省农科院水稻研究所,福州(国家)水稻改良分中心,福建福州350018

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2007年第4期204-208,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：农业部农业结构调整重大技术研究专项"优质专用水稻新品种选育及高效配套技术研究"(06-01-01B)农业部超级稻新品种选育与示范项目"华南稻区超级早;晚稻新品种选育与示范"。

摘　　要：以3个不育系川香29A(A1)、珍汕97A(A2)、Ⅱ-32A(A3)和8个新恢复系为亲本,按不完全双列杂交模式分析11个品质性状的配合力及遗传力。结果表明:(1)大多数性状的一般配合力(gca)和特殊配合力(sca)达显著或极显著水平,即受基因加性效应和非加性效应的共同控制,且以加性效应占主导地位(2)精米率、垩白度、直链淀粉含量3个性状,恢复系对gca方差的贡献比不育系的大,而不育系在粒长、粒宽、长宽比、糙米率、整精米率、垩白率、胶稠度等性状上对gca方差的贡献比恢复系的大。糊化温度这两性状,恢复系和不育系对gca方差的贡献相近。(3)广义遗传力(h2B)降序排序为:粒长、长宽比、垩白率、粒宽、糊化温度、胶稠度、整精米率、糙米率、直链淀粉含量、精米率、垩白度,变幅在93.36%～38.13%之间;狭义遗传力(h2N)降序排序为:粒长、长宽比、垩白率、糙米率、糊化温度、整精米率、垩白度、胶稠度、精米率、直链淀粉含量,变幅在82.3%～17.32%之间。大部分性状的(h2N)与(h2B)的趋势是一致的。(4)gca效应值在同一性状不同亲本间和同一亲本不同性状间均存在显著的差异,亲本中A1、R8、R7较为理想。In this experiment, 3 CMS lines including Chuangxiang 29A （A1）,Zhenshan 97A （A2） and Ⅱ- 32A （A3） and 8 new breeding restorers were used to parents, and they were chosen to analysis the combining ability and heritability of 11 quality characters by way of 3-8 incomplete diallel cross design. The results showed： （1） Both general combining ability （gca） and specific combining ability （sea） were highly or most highly significant in most of 11 characters, namely they were controled by gene additive effects and gene nonadditive effects together,but the gene additive variation of parents was principal.（2） In 3 characters,Milled rice recovery （%）, Chalkiness （%） and amylase, the contribution of CMs to general combining ability Variance was greater than restorers; while in grain length, grain width, ratio of length to width of grain, Brown rice recovery （%）, Milled rice recovery （%）,Chalkiness （%）,gel consistence and so on, the contribution of storers to general combining ability Variance was greater than CMS. In two characters, setting ratio and gelatinization temperature, the contribution of both of them was equal.（3）The wide heritability was ordered from high to low as filled grain length, ratio of length to width of grain, chalky rice percentage, grain width, gelatinization temperature, gel consistence , paddy whole refined rice rate （%）, Brown rice recovery （%）, percentage of amylase, Milled rice recovery （%）, Chalkiness （%）. The value of the wide heritability ranged from 96.99% and 38.13%. The narrow heritability was ordered from high to low as grain length, ratio of length to width of grain, chalky rice percentage, Brown rice recovery （%）,gelatinization temperature, paddy whole refined rice rate （%）, Chalkiness （%）, gel consistence, Milled rice recovery （%） and amylase percentage. The narrow heritability ranged from 85.62% and 17.32%. The trends of the narrow heritability of most characters is the same as that of the wide herita

关 键 词：杂交水稻 杂交优势 品质性状 配合力 遗传力 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]