水体氮浓度、形态对黑藻和狐尾藻光合特征的影响  

Effects of Nitorgen Concentration and Form in Water on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Hydrilla verticillata and Myriophyllum verticillatum

作　　者：金相灿[1] 楚建周[1] 王圣瑞[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院湖泊生态环境创新基地/国家环境保护湖泊污染控制重点实验室,北京100012

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2007年第2期200-204,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目"湖泊富营养化过程与蓝藻水华暴发机理研究"(2002CB412304)资助~~

摘　　要：利用黑藻和狐尾藻研究了水体氮浓度和形态对沉水植物光合特征的影响.结果表明,狐尾藻在TN≤3mg/L、黑藻在TN≤4mg/L范围内其净光合速率、最大净光合速率和暗呼吸速率均随水体总氮浓度的增加而增大,对光合作用有利,超过这个范围时,这两种供试植物的光合作用受到抑制,净光合速率和最大净光合速率降低,暗呼吸速率急剧上升;在本实验条件下,这两种供试植物的光合补偿点和光合饱和点随氮浓度的变化没有表现出规律性.在总氮一定的条件下黑藻和狐尾藻的净光合速率和最大净光合速率均随水中铵氮的增加而降低,暗呼吸速率和光合补偿点随铵氮增加而升高,说明水体铵氮的增加对黑藻和狐尾藻具有一定的毒害作用,抑制了光合作用;在本研究条件下光合饱和点对氮形态比例的变化没有明显的响应.结合我国湖泊N营养现状,可初步推断我国大部分湖泊氮浓度不会对黑藻和狐尾藻的光合作用产生直接的危害,但在水生生态系统的恢复过程中,要根据水生植物对不同氮形态的喜好特性和水质情况选择先锋物种.Hydrilla verticillata and Myriophyllum verticillatum were used to study the effects of nitrogen concentration and forms in water on photosynthetic characteristics of submerged plants. The results indicated that net photosynthetic rate, maximum net photosynthetic rate and dark respiration rate of M. verticillatum were all enhanced with the increase of nitrogen in water by TN ≤ mg/L, and this was the same as H. verticillata by TN≤4 mg/L. In this scope, it was favorable for these two species to increase nitrogen concentration in water, whereas the net photosynthetic rate and the maximum net photosynthetic rate of the two species were declined, and the dark respiration rate enlarged sharply when surpassing this scope. Under this experiment condition, the light compensation point and light saturation point of the two species didnt show regularity with the change in nitrogen concentration in water. When total nitrogen concentration was fixed, the net photosynthetic rate and the maximum net photosynthetic rate of H. verticillata and M. verticillatum were declined with rising of NH4^＋ -N concentration in water, but their dark respiration rate and light compensation point were raised. Their light saturation point didnt obviously answer the change in nitrogen forms. Based on the status of nitrogen nutrient in lakes of China, it can be elementarily referred that nitrogen concentration in most lakes could not lead to the direct damage to the photosynthesis of H. verticillata and M. verticiUatum, but in the restoration process of aquatic ecosystems, pioneer species should be selected according to water quality and nitrogen forms that aquatic plants prefer. Fig 2, Tab 3, Ref 27

关 键 词：氮 沉水植物 黑藻 狐尾藻 光合速率 水体富营养化 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]