血中金属元素含量与儿童智力的相关性分析  

Analysis on the Relationship of Serum Metallic Elements on Children's Intelligence Quotients

作　　者：朱启星[1] 朱中平[1] 杨永坚[1] 卞琳娜[1] 王颖初[2] 刘建华[2] 刘俊玲 姜玉屏 

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院,合肥230032 [2]安徽省池州市疾病预防控制中心 [3]安徽省池州市贵池区妇幼保健所

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2007年第4期316-318,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：安徽省高校省级学术带头人科研基金项目(2002HBL10);安徽省计划生育科研项目(2002-04);安徽省卫生厅科研项目(2002B090)

摘　　要：目的研究血铅、镉、钙、锌、铜5种元素对儿童智力的影响及其关联程度。方法采用分层抽样方法，抽取安徽省池州市某区4～7岁儿童共214名。用中国-韦氏儿童智力量表（C-WYCSI）对儿童进行智力测试和问卷调查（家长用）；采集指血214份，运用PE-AA800原子吸收光谱仪进行血铅、镉、钙、锌、铜5种元素检测。结果血铅与血镉之间存在相关性，钙、锌、铜3种元素间分别存在着相关性；高血铅组儿童操作智商（PIQ）和总智商（TIQ）得分显著低于正常血铅组儿童，高血镉组的TIQ和言语智商（VIQ）得分显著低于正常血镉组得分（P〈0．05）；儿童血铅水平与PIQ（β=-0．138）间存在负相关（P〈0．05），血镉水平与VIQ（β=-0．120）和TIQ（β=-0．110）得分间均存在负相关。儿童血锌与知识（β=0．169）、血钙与领悟（β=0．263）得分存在正相关（P值均〈0．05）。结论血铅、镉对儿童智商有严重的负面影响，而钙、锌则对儿童智力发育起到保护和促进作用。Objective To study the effect of lead, cadmium, calcium, zinc and copper on children＇s intelligence quotients（IQ） and to analyze their relationship. Methods A total of 214 children （aged 4 - 7） were stratified sampled from Chizhou in Anhui Province. Their IQs were tested with C-WYCSI. Meanwhile, the levels of the five metal elements were measured with PE - AA800 Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Results Blood lead was correlated with cadmium, and calcium was correlated with zinc and copper respectively. The scores of PIQ and TIQ in the children of high blood lead group were significandy lower than those in normal blood lead group, while the scores of TIQ and VIQ of children with high blood cadmium were lower than normal cadmium group. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the scores of PIQ were negatively correlated with blood lead, and TIQ and VIQ were negatively correlated with cadmium. Scores of knowledge were positively associated with blood zinc just as blood calcium with apperception （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion Blood lead and cadmium can negatively affect children＇s IQ, while blood zinc and calcium can promote the development of children＇s intelligence.

关 键 词：金属 血液化学分析 知识 对比研究 儿童 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] B848.5[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]