宋代县制改良与积困问题探析?  

The Study on the Improvement and Accumulated Difficulties of the System of Counties in the Song Dynasty

作　　者：贾文龙[1] 潘丽霞 

机构地区：[1]河北大学宋史研究中心,河北保定071002 [2]邢台高等医学专科学校,河北邢台054000

出　　处：《河北大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2007年第2期136-140,共5页Journal of Hebei University(Philosophy and Social Science)

基　　金：郭东旭教授主持的教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目<宋代民间法律生活研究>(05JJD770026)的阶段研究成果

摘　　要：在中国古代县制演变中,隋唐是其成熟时期,宋代则是其优化期。宋王朝通过推广知县制度、细化职能体系要求、限定县尉权力等措施,实现了县级主官体制的人事组织优化。但与之紧密相关,北宋后期县级出现冗官强吏问题,南宋县官评价体系的片面突出又导致了其职能偏失,宋代县制因此发生转折并最终形成困境层积的局面。In the history of the county system of ancient China, Sui and Tang were the mature periods, and Song was the optimizing period. Song Dynasty adopted measures such as extending the ZhiXian system, scrutinizing the requirements for ZhiXian＇s function, limiting XianWei＇s power, to improve the personnel organization of the county class. However, closely related with them, the problem of ＂redundant official＂ and ＂clerks strong and officials weak＂ appeared since the late North Song. The South Song government was unilateral to emphasize the county officials＇ function. The county system of Song Dynasty underwent a historic turn, and ultimately led to the situation of difficulties accumulated at all levels.

关 键 词：宋代 县制 知县 冗官 吏强官弱 

分 类 号：K244[历史地理—历史学]