苦参碱类生物碱的应用进展  

Progress of Research and Application of Matrine-type Alkaloids

作　　者：张静涛[1] 王伟[1] 段振华[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学化学与材料科学学院

出　　处：《现代生物医学进展》2007年第3期451-454,共4页Progress in Modern Biomedicine

基　　金：教育部重点科学技术研究项目(105153)

摘　　要：苦参碱是豆科植物苦参、苦豆子、广豆根等中草药的活性成分,是苦参碱类生物碱的代表,这一类生物碱主要还包括氧化苦参碱、槐果碱、氧化槐果碱、槐定碱和槐胺碱等。而对苦参碱和氧化苦参碱的研究最为广泛。苦参碱对中枢神经具有解热、镇痛、抗惊厥、稳定神经等作用;对心血管系统具有明显的负性频率和正性肌力作用、能防治动脉粥样硬化、减轻心肌损伤等作用;对消化系统具有抗肝损伤、抗纤维化、升高白细胞等作用;还具有抗肿瘤、抗肝癌等作用。氧化苦参碱用于治疗白细胞低下和慢性乙型、丙型肝炎、阻止肝纤维化和肝硬化,有抗心律失常、强心、平喘等作用。槐果碱有明显抗柯萨奇B病毒(Coxsackie Virus B,CVB)的作用、免疫调节功能以及抗严重急性呼吸道综合症(Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome,SARS)病毒的作用。槐定碱有改善心功能、抗炎、抗肿瘤、抗病毒作用。槐胺碱具有免疫抑制、抗心律失常作用。本文综述了这一类生物碱的成分分析及其部分化合物的药理活性和临床应用等方面的研究进展。Matrine, an active component of Chinese traditional medicine ＂Sophora flavescens＂ （S. flavescens Ait, S. alopecuroides L. and S. subprostrata Chun et T.Chen）, is a representation of alkaloids, including oxymatrine, sophocarpine, oxysophocarpine, sophoridine and sophoramine from Sophora flavescens.Matrine and oxymatrine have been widely researching. Matrine has antipyrefic effects for the central nervous system, tramadol,anticonvalsant, and stable nerve function; for the cardiovascular system, it has many obvious functions such as negative chronotropic action and positive inotropic action,preventing atherogenesis,reducing myocardium injury; for the digestive system,it also has anti-liver injury, anti-fibrosis,antitumor, anti-liver cancer. Oxymatirne are used to treat chronic hepatitis B,chronic hepatitis C,to prevent liver fibrosis,liver cirrhosis, and it has antiarrhythmic, cardioto- nic action ,smooth wheezing action. Sophocarpine has obvious effects to resist Coxsackie Virus B （CVB）,Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome （SARS） as well as immunoregulation action. Sophofidine has effects to improve the cardiac function, as well as anti-inflammatory, antitumor,antivirus action. Sophoramine has immunity suppression and anfiarrhythmic action. This paper has reviewed these alkaloids in the aspects of component analysis, mechanism, pharmacological activities and clinical application of some ingredients.

关 键 词：苦参碱 氧化苦参碱 药理活性 

分 类 号：Q946.88[生物学—植物学]