肾及输尿管结石的检测:16层螺旋CT低剂量平扫与IVU的对照研究  

Detection of neprolithiasis and ureterolithiasis:comparison of low-dose unenhanced 16-detector helical CT and intravenous urography

作　　者：杜中立[1] 刘玉涛[1] 陈海东[1] 肖万宏[1] 孙放[1] 毛俊[1] 陈敏[1] 李伟[1] 何虹[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学第三附属医院珠海市人民医院放射科,广东珠海519000

出　　处：《中国临床医学影像杂志》2007年第4期272-275,共4页Journal of China Clinic Medical Imaging

摘　　要：目的:比较16层螺旋CT低剂量平扫与IVU对肾及输尿管结石的检测价值。方法:收集92例临床拟诊肾及输尿管结石病例,所有病例在作IVU之前均作16层螺旋CT低剂量平扫,在低剂量扫描中,管电流下降为60mAs,其余条件与腹部常规扫描条件相同。统计比较两者检测肾及输尿管结石的病例数、数目及输尿管梗阻情况,两组结果进行配对卡方检验。结果:在低剂量扫描中,81例发现结石,肾结石53例,输尿管结石59例,结石数量为156个,肾积水78例,输尿管扩张63例;而在IVU检查中,62例发现结石,肾结石40例,输尿管结石42例,结石数量为101个,肾积水67例,输尿管扩张45例。经卡方检验,两者在发现结石病例数、结石数量及泌尿系梗阻数量上均有显著性差异。结论:在检测肾及输尿管结石方面,16层螺旋CT低剂量平扫优于IVU。Objective： To compare low-dose unenhanced 16-detector helical CT and intravenous urography in the detection of renal and ureteral stones. Methods： Ninty-two patients with suspected neprolithiasis and ureterolithiasis were collected. Low-dose helical CT scans were obtained by using 60mAs（other technical parameters remain same to the standard-dose scan）, then it was immediately followed by IVU, to note the cases, location, size, number of calculi and signs of obstruction. Low-dose scans and IVU were compared by using paired x^2-test. Results： In low-dose scan, 81 cases found to have calculi, 53 cases had renal calculi, 59 cases had ureteral calculi, there were 156 stones, 78 cases had pelvicaliectasis and 63 cases had ureteral dilatation, in IVU, 62 cases had calculi, 40 cases had renal calculi, 42 had ureteral calculi, there were 101 stones, 67 cases had pelvicaliectasis and 45 had ureteral dilatation, there were significant differences in cases of calculi, number of calculi and the obstruction between low-dose scan and IVU. Conclusion： Low-dose unenhanced 16-detector helical CT is superior to IVU in detecting renal and ureteral calculi.

关 键 词：肾结石 输尿管结石 体层摄影术 螺旋计算机 血管造影术 

分 类 号：R692.4[医药卫生—泌尿科学] R693.4[医药卫生—外科学]