乳牛乳腺炎多联疫苗的研制及其临床应用效果  

Development of inactivated multi-vaccine against dairy mastitis and observation of its clinical efficacy

作　　者：李宏胜[1] 郁杰[1] 李新圃[1] 罗金印[1] 徐继英[1] 张礼华[1] 郭福存[1] 韩福杰[1] 杨玉英[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《中国兽医科学》2007年第4期363-368,共6页Chinese Veterinary Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(39170594);国家"九五"科技攻关计划项目(96-005-03-07);农业部"八五"畜牧业重点科研项目(85-牧-06-01-02)

摘　　要：从全国各地奶牛场采集的256份临床型乳腺炎病乳中分离鉴定出了13株金黄色葡萄球菌、32株无乳链球茵和27株停乳链球菌；采用血清学交叉免疫试验，筛选出了毒力及交叉免疫原性强的3种茵的优势菌株。采用这些菌株和一系列新工艺和新方法，研制出了乳牛乳腺炎灭活多联疫苗。建立了用奶山羊进行制苗菌株毒力复壮及用ELISA进行抗体检测的方法，进行了免疫剂量及注射部位的筛选试验以及疫苗安全性、免疫持续期、效力及田间扩大试验。结果表明，该灭活多联疫苗对乳牛具有安全高效的特点，经肌肉或后海穴免疫1次，每次5mL，免疫持续期可达4个月；且后海穴的免疫效果优于肌肉注射，可使临床型乳腺炎发病率降低49．22％～59．86%。Three pathogenic bacteria including 13 strains of Staphylococcus aureus ,32 strains of Streptococcus agalactiae and 27 strains of Streptococcus dysgalactiae were isolated and identified from 256 milk samples of bovine with clinical mastitis in different regions of China,and three strains of bacteria with high virulence and immunogenicity were selected from the pathogenic bacteria by serological cross immunology. An inactivated multi-vaccine against mastitis was developed using a series of new techniques and methods. A bacterial virulence rejuvenescence method in dairy goats and an ELISA for the detection of antibody were established. A series of tests including immune dose,selection of injection site, safety,duration of immunity, efficacy and field evaluation were carried out. The results showed that the inactivated mastitis multi-vaccine was safe and highly effective. The immune efficacy lasted for 4 months when being immunized muscularly or at Houhai point （one time, 5 mL）, and the latter was better than the former. The immunization with the vaccine led to the decrease of clinical incidence of mastitis by 49.22%-59.86%.

关 键 词：乳牛 乳腺炎 多联疫苗 金黄色葡萄球菌 无乳链球菌 停乳链球菌 发病率 

分 类 号：S857.26[农业科学—临床兽医学] S852.4[农业科学—兽医学]