一株嗜酸化能异养菌Acidiphilium sp.的分离鉴定及其对Fe(Ⅲ)代谢的研究  

Isolation and characterization of Acidiphilium strain Teng-A and its metabolism of Fe(Ⅲ) during pure- and mixed cultivation

作　　者：刘艳阳[1] 陈志伟[1] 姜成英[1] 刘双江[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院微生物研究所

出　　处：《微生物学报》2007年第2期350-354,共5页Acta Microbiologica Sinica

摘　　要：从云南省腾冲热泉酸性泥土样品中分离得到一株好氧嗜酸异养细菌Teng-A。菌株Teng-A细胞大小0.6～0.8μm×1.0～1.5μm,单生或成链状排列,革兰氏染色反应为阴性,有周生鞭毛,不产芽孢,该菌适宜的生长温度为29～33℃、pH为3.0～4.0,可以利用许多有机物生长,但不能利用Fe(Ⅱ)、S、Na2S2O3、K2S4O6等为能源生长。菌株Teng-A基因组DNA的(G+C)mol%为69.6mol%,其16S rRNA基因与Acidiphilium属菌种的16S rRNA基因的最高相似性大于99%。根据形态学、生理生化特点及系统发育分析表明,菌株Teng-A是Acidiphilium属的一个新成员,崭定名为Acidiphilium sp.strainTeng-A。厌氧条件下,菌株Teng-A可以葡萄糖或H2为电子供体,将Fe(Ⅲ)还原为Fe(Ⅱ),还原速率分别为11.56mg/L.day与15.34mg/L.day。菌株Teng-A与Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidansLJ-1和Leptospirilum ferriphilum LJ-2共同培养,前3dFe2+氧化速度分别为0.44g/L.day和0.41g/L.day,比LJ-1(0.64g/L.day)和LJ-2(0.60g/L.day)单独培养时氧化Fe(Ⅱ)的速率稍慢,但当培养时间超过5d时,Fe(Ⅱ)最终被全部氧化,并且发现在共培养时,Fe(Ⅱ)氧化生成的沉淀物的形态不同于At.ferrooxidans和L.ferriphilum单独培养时产生的沉淀物的形态。最后讨论了Acidiphilium对生物浸矿和生物成矿作用的影响。An acidophilic, aerobic and chemoheterotrophic bacterial strain Teng-A was isolated from acidic environmental samples collected at sulfidic hot springs of Tengchong County, Yunnan Province, China. Cells of strain Teng-A was rod- shaped （0.6 -0. 8μm × 1.0 - 1.5 μm）, Gram-negative, motile with flagella. Strain Teng-A grew well at temperature of 29 - 33℃ and at pH of 3.0 - 4.0. It used a wide variety of organie compounds for growth, but did not use ferrous iron, elemental sulfur, thiosulfate and tetrathionate as the sole energy source. Its G ＋ C content was determined to be 69.6 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence demonstrated that it was closely related to species of Acidiphilium. Under anoxic conditions, the strain Teng-A reduced Fe （ Ⅲ ）to Fe （ Ⅱ ） with glucose or hydrogen as electron donor （reduction rate is 11.56mg/L. day and 15.34mg/L. day, respectively）. Metabolisms/Oxidation of ferrous iron by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans LJ-1 and Leptospirilum ferriphilum LJ-2, in the presence and absence of strain Teng-A were studied. When incubated with strain Teng-A, the oxidation rates of Fe（ Ⅱ ） was slightly decreased at the first 3 days （0.44g/L. day and 0.41g/L. day respectively） compared to pure culture of At ferrooxidans and L. ferriphilum, but all Fe（ Ⅱ ） was completely oxidized after 5 days. It was found that the morphologies of precipitates of Fe （ Ⅲ ） produced during pure and mixed cultivation were different. The potential application of Acidiphilium in bioleaching and its potential role during formation of precipitated ores were discussed.

关 键 词：Acidiphilium sp. Fe(Ⅲ)还原 铁呼吸 生物浸矿 生物成矿 

分 类 号：Q93[生物学—微生物学]