四川盆地秸秆还田与稻田新三熟制的农产品服务价值  

Research on Service Value of Product of Three Ripe Cropping System of Paddy Soil under Straw Mulching

作　　者：刘定辉[1] 朱钟麟[1] 胡世忠[2] 陈永华[2] 

机构地区：[1]四川省农科院土肥所,农业部长江上游农业资源环境重点开放实验室,四川成都610066 [2]四川省彭山县农业局土肥站,四川彭山612700

出　　处：《山地学报》2006年第B10期16-20,共5页Mountain Research

基　　金：四川省科技厅攻关项目：稻田保护性耕作关键技术研究与示范（04NG020-015）;农业部农业结构调整重大专项：两熟制稻区保护性耕作经济型种植新模式研究（05-12-02B）;科技部粮食丰产科技工程项目（2004BA520A14C15）;四川省科技厅应用基础研究项目（05JY029-106）.

摘　　要：　四川省传统稻田种植模式为稻麦（油）轮作，中稻收后到小麦、油菜播栽前尚有2个月左右的休闲期，该时段的温光时资源占全年的20％左右，利用潜力大。经多年研究集成了以秸秆覆盖还田提升土壤有机质、提高稻田综合生产能力的“水稻-蔬菜-小麦”、“水稻-秋马铃薯-油菜”、“水稻-蔬菜-春马铃薯”稻田新三熟种植模式，对三种新模式的农产品服务价值研究结果表明：秸秆覆盖稻田新三熟显著提高了稻田的综合生产能力，“稻-芋／油”三熟新模式比传统“稻-油”两熟模式的生产力提高115．2％，产值达到42218．4元/a；“稻-菜-麦”和“稻-菜-芋”三熟新模式分别比传统“稻-麦”两熟模式生产力提高92．3％、168．3％，周年公顷产值达到35798．9元、49952．2元；“稻-油”保护性耕作两熟模式与传统“稻-油”农作模式相比，虽然生产力相当，但由于降低了生产成本，年农产品服务价值每公顷增加904．0元，增加8．7％，“稻-麦”保护性耕作两熟模式与传统“稻-麦”农作模式相比，年农产品服务价值每公顷增加5341．5元，增加57．5％；“稻-芋／油”三熟新模式比传统“稻-油”和保护性耕作两熟模式年农产品服务价值每公顷分别增加18006．2元、17102．2元；“稻-菜-麦”和“稻-菜-芋”三熟新模式分别比传统“稻-麦”两熟模式农产品服务价值增加16835．5元、25063．8元，比保护性耕作模式分别增加11494．0元、19722．3元。The traditional cropping system of paddy soil is R - R or R - W, there are about two months not in use after rice harvest, which temperature and light resources account for 20% of whole year for most potential utilization. R -V -W, R -P/R and R -V -P cropping system have been carried out after few years＂ research, which are benefit for increasing soil organic matter and production, the analysis result of service value of product indicates that： these new cropping system under straw mulching can increase paddy soil production evidently, the years＇ productivity per ha. of R - P/R increases115.2% ,reaches to 42 218.4 RMB yuan, compared to R - R TC; the years＇ productivity per ha. of R - V - W and R - V - P increase92.3%, 168.3%, reach to 35 798.9 RMB yuan and 49 952.2 RMB yuan, compared to R - W TC ; because of product cost decreasing, the years＇ service value of product per ha. of R - R CT increases 904.0 RMB yuan,increase 8.7% compared to R - R TC ,and R - W CT increases 5 341.5 RMB yuan, increase 57.5% compared to R - W TC ; the years＇ service value of product per ha. of R-P-R increases 18 006.2RMB yuan andl7 102.2 RMB yuan compared to R -R TC and R -R CT; the years＇ service value of product per ha. of R - V - W and R - V - P increasel6 835.5 RMB yuan and 25 063.8 RMB yuan compared to R -W TC , and increase 11 494.0 RMB yuan andl9 722.3 RMB yuan compared to R - W CT.

关 键 词：稻田 新三熟 秸秆覆盖 农产品服务价值 

分 类 号：S157.4[农业科学—土壤学]