营养液浓度对基质栽培网纹甜瓜生长和品质的影响  

Effects of Nutrient Levels on Plant Growth and Fruit Quality of Muskmelon in Soilless Medium Culture

作　　者：林多[1] 黄丹枫[1] 杨延杰[2] 董梅[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学农业与生物学院,上海201101 [2]莱阳农学院园艺系,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《华北农学报》2007年第2期184-186,共3页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：国家"863"重大资助项目(2006AA10A311)

摘　　要：在设施基质栽培条件下,低浓度营养液不利于网纹甜瓜植株的生长;高浓度营养液使植株营养生长过旺,产量品质变劣。过高或过低浓度的营养液对网纹甜瓜叶片净光合速率的影响主要是由与叶肉细胞光合活性下降有关的非气孔限制因素造成的。为改善品质,提高产量,基质栽培网纹甜瓜的最适营养液浓度的EC值为:定植-授粉1.40 mS/cm,授粉-网纹形成1.56 mS/cm,网纹形成-果实成熟2.63 mS/cm。在生产中,应按生育期分期施肥,定植-营养生长期N∶K为1.05∶1,座果期-采收为0.53∶1。Lower and higher nutrient solution concentration were not benefit for muskmelon plant growth and development in soilless medium culture under protected field. The effects of lower and higher nutrient solution concentration on net photosynthetic rate of leaves were resulted in non-stomatal limitation, which related to photosynthetic activity descent of mesophyll cell. The EC value of optimization nutrient solution concentration was expounded in order to improve fruit quality and yield, 1.40 mS/cm from planting to pollination, 1.56 mS/cm from pollination to reticulation formation, 2.63 mS/cm from reticulation formation to fruit maturity, respectively. In muskmelon cultural practice, fertilizer application should based on development stage, the ratio of N and K was 1.05 ： 1 from planting to vegetable growth stage, 0.53 ： 1 from fruit setting stage to harvest.

关 键 词：网纹甜瓜 营养液浓度 光合特性 品质 基质栽培 

分 类 号：S652.01[农业科学—果树学]