一锅法有效合成氨基甲酸酯类化合物  

One-Pot Synthesis of Carbamates

作　　者：李立清[1] 王晓刚[2] 郭三霞[2] 刘重洋[2] 何益波[2] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学能源科学与工程学院,长沙410083 [2]湖南大学环境科学与工程学院,长沙410082

出　　处：《有机化学》2007年第4期519-523,共5页Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(Nos.20376019;20576028)资助项目.

摘　　要：以四甲基胍(TMG)为催化剂,乙腈(ACT)为溶剂,利用CO_2、胺和烷基氯三组分在0.10MPa,70～80℃条件下,一锅法有效合成氨基甲酸酯类化合物,并研究了收率和产率的影响.结果表明,最优反应条件为n(胺)∶n(烷基氯)=3～4、反应温度70～80℃、反应时间2～3h、酯分离收率达68.7%～81.3%,酯纯度达到99.9%.Carbamates were prepared by one-pot synthesis from carbon dioxide, amine and alkyl chloride with N,N,N,N-tetramethyl guanidine （TMG） as catalyst, acetonitrile （ACT） as solvents at a pressure of 0.10 MPa and temperature of 70-80℃. Effects of the converting ratio and yield were investigated. The results showed that the optimum technological conditions should be that n（amine） ： n（alkyl chloride）= 3-4, the reaction temperature was 70-80℃, and reaction time was 2-3 h. The purity of the refined of carbamates was 99.9%, and the yield of carbamates was in the range of 68.7%-81.3%. Keywords carbamate; carbon dioxide; nucleophile substitution; steric effect

关 键 词：氨基甲酸酯 CO2 亲核取代反应 位阻效应 

分 类 号：TQ226[化学工程—有机化工]