珠海市陆生天然次生林优势种的生态位  

Niches of dominant plant species of natural secondary forests in Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province

作　　者：彭逸生[1] 郑明轩[1] 莫罗坚[1] 唐光大[1] 庄雪影[1] 陈锡沐[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学林学院,广州510642

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2007年第4期483-488,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：珠海市野生动植物保护与管理所资助

摘　　要：在珠海市10个陆生次生林群落中设置了112个10m×10m样方,用于珠海市次生林群落23个优势种的生态位宽度和生态位重叠的研究。结果表明:珠海次生林群落23个优势种的Shannon-Wiener生态位宽度和Levins生态位变度值范围为0.4049～0.7736和0.0551～0.3086,生态位宽度较大的种类分别是山油柑(Acronychia pedunculata)、大头茶(Gordonia axillaris)、银柴(Aporosa dioica)、小盘木(Microdesmis casearifolia)、白颜树(Giron-niera subaequalis)和假苹婆(Sterculia lanceolata);生态位相似性比例值为0～0.3810,银柴与阴香(Cinnamomum burmanii)的生态位相似性比例值最高;山油柑与另外22个优势种均存在不同程度的生态位重叠;大头茶只与少数优势种存在生态位重叠;另有20.6%的种对之间不存在生态位重叠。建议使用山油柑、大头茶、白颜树和黄桐(Endospermum chinense)等生态位宽度较高、分布广泛、适应力强的树种,进行森林恢复与人工林改造。A total of one hundred and twelve 10 m ×10 m quadrats were set up in ten terrestrial secondary forest communities of Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province to study the niche breadth and niche overlap of the dominant plant species. The results indicated that the Shannon-Wiener＇ s niche breadth and Levins＇ s niche breadth of 23 dominant species in the communities were 0. 4049-0. 7736 and 0. 0551-0. 3086, respectively. The species with larger niche breadth were Acronychia pedunculata, Gordonia axillaris, Aporosa dioica, Microdesmis casearifolia, Gironniera subaequalis, and Sterculia lanceolata, which were the widespread species in natural forests. The niche similarity of dominant species varied between 0 and 0. 3810, and the highest one occurred between A. dioica and Cinnamomum burmanii. A. pedunculata had different degree niche overlaps with other 22 species, but G. axillaris only had niche overlaps with a few dominant species. There were no niche overlaps in 20.6% of species-pairs. It was suggested that some widespread and well-adapted species with larger niche breadth, e. g. , A. pedunculata, G. axillaris, G. subaequalis and Endospermum chinense, should be selected in prior in the restoration of natural forests and the reconstruction of plantations.

关 键 词：天然次生林 优势种 生态位宽度 生态位相似性比例 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]