海洋发光细菌的发光及其应用  

Application of Luminescence of the Marine Luminous Bacteria

作　　者：张进兴[1] 逄爱梅[1] 孙修勤[1] 孙培光[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局第一海洋研究所,山东青岛266061

出　　处：《发光学报》2007年第2期167-172,共6页Chinese Journal of Luminescence

基　　金：国家科技基础条件平台项目(海洋微生物菌种种质资源标准化整理整合与共享)(2004DKA30640);国家908项目(我国近海海洋综合调查与评价)基金资助项目

摘　　要：海洋发光细菌是一类在正常的生理条件下能够发射可见光的异养细菌,其发光特性与细菌体内的物质结构、海洋环境要素、水中污染物等多种因素有关。通过对海洋发光细菌发光特性及其应用可能性的论述,如利用发光细菌的发光强度与水中毒物的浓度、毒性的关系检测污染物;利用潜艇航行时激发的生物发光勾画出潜艇涡动的光尾流可跟踪探测潜艇;海洋发光细菌的发光特性还可用以改进水下光通讯与探测、海洋水色遥感、海洋发光细菌分类、发光免疫和抗菌素浓度测定等方面。阐明海洋发光细菌发光特性的重要研究意义并为进一步开展应用研究提供借鉴。Marine luminous bacteria, heterotrophic bacteria give out visible light in normal physiological condition. Many study results show that the luminescence mechanisms of variety luminous bacteria are the same. The light-emitting in bacteria involves the oxidation of reduced riboflavin phosphate （ FMNH2 ） and a longchain fatty aldehyde with the emission of blue-green light. The enzymes that catalyze the bioluminescence reaction in these organisms are called luciferases, and in most cases the substrates are designated as luciferins. However, consistent with the apparent absence of strong evolutionary relationship between many of the lightemitting systems, significant differences exist between the bioluminescence reactions as well as the structures of the luciferases （enzymes） and luciferins （substrates） from different organisms. The luminescent characteristics of marine luminous bacteria connect with material structure in the bacteria, marine environment elements and pollutants in the seawater etc, the connect study includes that spectrum property, light-emitting intensity, light-emitting characteristic parameter, light-emitting conditions and the structure of luciferases from different luminous bacteria. Thorough understanding these properties of marine luminous bacteria and carrying out the study of application can supply effective methods for the application of the property of marine luminous bacteria, and promote comprehensive researches on ocean biology, ocean optics and biochemistry, and show the feasibility of physics researches on marine luminous bacteria. And the predictions show the concentration and toxicity of pollutants in the water is determined by luminescent intensity of luminous bacteria, the submarine sailing exits the whirlpool and the luminescent bacteria bioluminescent makes the whirlpool to be a ray track which can be used to detect submarine, the luminescent characteristics can also be used to improve in the under water light communications and exploring, ocean water color remote sen

关 键 词：海洋发光细菌 发光特性 应用研究 

分 类 号：O482.31[理学—固体物理]