瓯江鲫鱼头部形态特征的两性异形  

Sexual Dimorphism in Head Morphological Traits of the Crucians,Carassius auratus in Oujiang River,Zhejiang

作　　者：樊晓丽[1] 林植华[1] 雷焕宗[1] 蒋锐[1] 张扬[1] 

机构地区：[1]丽水学院化学与生命科学学院,浙江丽水323000

出　　处：《丽水学院学报》2007年第2期31-35,共5页Journal of Lishui University

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金计划项目(Y505273);浙江省教育厅科研计划项目(20061562)

摘　　要：测定了鲫鱼成体的体长、头长、头宽、头高、吻长、眼后头长、眼径和眼间距。Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA显示雌性个体的体长显著大于雄性个体。头部形态特征变量分别与体长的回归关系显著,回归剩余值的单因素ANOVA显示,特定体长的雌性个体的头长、头宽和眼间距显著大于雄性个体,雌性个体的眼径显著小于雄性个体,其他的头部形态特征变量包括头高、吻长和眼后头长无显著的两性差异。对头部7个形态特征变量作主成分分析(Eigenvalue≥1)发现,前3个主成分共解释67.1%的变异。头长和吻长在第一主成分有较高的正负载系数(解释26.7%变异),头宽和眼间距在第二主成分有较高的正负载系数(解释23.1%变异),眼径在第三主成分有较高的正负载系数(解释17.3%变异)。两性成体第一主成分的分值差异不显著;第二主成分的分值雌性显著大于雄性;第三主成分的分值雌性显著小于雄性。We measured the sexual dimorphism in head morphological traits, including body length, head length, head width, head height, snout length, postorbital head length, eye diameter and interorbital width in a population of crucians （ Carassius auratus ） collected from Oujiang River. Kruskal--Wallis ANOVA showed that the body length of females were significantly larger than that of males. The variables of head morphological traits were positively correlated with the body length separately. One--way ANOVA of residual score from the linear regression of variable versus body length showed that the females with special body length were significantly larger than males in head length, head width and interorbital width, and significantly shorter than adult males in eye diameter. There＇s no significant sexual difference among other morphological traits including head height, snout length and postorhital head length of females and males. A principal component analysis resolved three components （with eigcnvalues≥1） from seven size （body length）--free morphological variables, accounting for 67. 1% of variation in the original data. The first component （26.7% variance explained） has high positive loading for size--free values of head length and snout length, the second component （23. 1% variance explained） has high positive loading for size--free value of head width and interorbital width, tile third component （17.3 % variance explained） has high negative loading for size--free value of eye diameter. The score on the first axes did not differ significantly between females and males, but females had significantly larger scores on the second axis, and had lower scores on the third axis of a principal component analysis than males.

关 键 词：鲤科 鲤亚科 鲫鱼 头部 形态特征 两性异形 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]