石灰性土壤不同形态无机磷对作物磷营养的贡献  

Contribution of Different Forms of Inorganic Phosphates in Calcareous Soils to Phosphorus Nutrition of Crops

作　　者：郭智芬[1] 涂书新[1] 李晓华[1] 潘勇[1] 张宜春[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省农业科学院原子能应用研究所

出　　处：《中国农业科学》1997年第1期26-32,共7页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院土壤圈物质循环开放实验室基金

摘　　要：应用蒋－顾石灰性土壤无机磷分级法，以原子反应堆和放射化学标记合成的Ｃａ２－３２Ｐ、Ｃａ８－３２Ｐ、Ａｌ－３２Ｐ、Ｆｅ－３２Ｐ盐直接标记石灰性旱地灰潮土壤中相应的磷酸盐的方法，评价了石灰性土壤中不同形态无机磷的有效性及对植物磷素营养的贡献。特别是对在石灰性土壤上，以往被人们忽视的Ｆｅ－Ｐ盐的有效性及贡献有了新的认识。研究表明，非晶质Ｆｅ－Ｐ盐的有效性与Ａｌ－Ｐ盐基本相当；不同形态无机磷酸盐有效性顺序为Ｆｅ－Ｐ≈Ａｌ－Ｐ＞Ｃａ２－Ｐ＞Ｃａ８－Ｐ；对植物磷营养的贡献大小顺序则为Ａｌ－Ｐ＞Ｃａ８－Ｐ＞Ｃａ２－Ｐ。二钙型磷酸盐有效性虽高于八钙型磷酸盐，但由于其含量少，对植物磷营养总的贡献却低于八钙型磷酸盐。至于石灰性旱地土壤中Ｆｅ－Ｐ盐对植物磷营养的贡献，非晶质Ｆｅ－Ｐ的有效性高，其贡献较大，而晶质磷酸铁盐的有效性及对植物磷营养的贡献还需进一步探讨。In this study, the availability of various forms of inorganic phosphate in calcareous soils, fractionated by Jiang Gu system, and their contribution to phosphoras nutrition of plant were evaluated by direct labelling of the corresponding soil Ca 2 P,Ca 8 P, Al P and Fe P, which were prepared by either atomic reactor or radiochemical syntheisis. Results showed that the availability of amorphous Fe P was equal to that of Al P. The order of availability of inorganic phosphates was Fe P≈Al P>Ca 2 P>Ca 8 P.Their contribution to plant phosphorus nutrition ranked Al P>Ca 2 P>Ca 8 P. Although the availability of Ca 2 P was higher than that of Ca 8 P,its contribution to plant phosphorus nutrition was lower than that of Ca 8 P because of its much lower content in soils. It was rather complicate for the evaluation of the contribution of Fe P to plant phosphorus nutrition. For amorphous Fe P, both its availability and its contribution to plant phosphorus nutrition were high, however, the case of crystalline Fe P should be further studied. Thus, there was new understanding to the contribution of iron phosphate which had been neglected for a long time in calcareous soils due to using the Chang Jackson fractionation system.

关 键 词：石灰性土壤 无机磷盐 有效性 磷营养 

分 类 号：S151.93[农业科学—土壤学] S153.61[农业科学—农业基础科学]