浙西南松叶蕨分布区的群落结构与生境特征  

Community structure and habitat characteristics of Psilotum nudum distribution zone in Southwest Zhejiang Province

作　　者：朱圣潮[1] 莫建军[1] 

机构地区：[1]丽水学院生物系

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（理学版）》2007年第3期340-345,共6页Journal of Zhejiang University（Science Edition）

基　　金：浙江省教育厅资助项目(20051362);丽水学院科研重点项目KZ05006

摘　　要：松叶蕨（Psilotumnudum）是裸蕨类松叶蕨属孑遗植物，由于分布范围的急剧缩小，现已处于极度濒危状态．对分布于浙江缙云的松叶蕨的自然环境进行了野外调查，测定群落的总体方差比率及X^2统计量等种间联结性指标，并测定其土壤含水量、有机质含量、pH值，以及植株和土壤中的K、Ca、Mg、Fe、Zn、Cu、Mn、Na、Al、Pb、Cd等元素含量．结果表明：松叶蕨群落种类丰富，植被类型的次生特征明显．松叶蕨与极少数种群的种间联结性显著，与大部分种群种间联结性不显著，松叶蕨在群落中具有很大的独立性或随机性．松叶蕨多分布于岩石缝隙或附生在树干上，群落土壤含水量在12．8％～24．6％，pH值4．75～5．18，电导率0．236～0．089mS·cm^-1，有机质含量3．60％～6．08％；松叶蕨对K、Na、Ca和Mg的需要量较高，对Cu、Pb和Cd等重金属元素的富集能力不显著．Psilotum nudum is a species of primitive vascular plants classified into the Psilopsida and occupies a very important position in the evolutionary history of the Pteridophytes. In recent years, Psilotum nudum was declined rapidly in population quantity （number） and was even disappeared from many locations in China's Mainland. The species is now considered to be rare and endangered in China. Natural environment of the growth of Psilotum nudum populations was investigated in Jinyun, Zhejiang Province. A series of parameters for the interspecific correlation of Psilotum nudum community incluing the collectivity variance ratio and X^2-test based on a 2 × 2 contingency table, the water content, organic matter content, conductivity and pH in soils, the content of K, Ca, Mg, Pe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Na, Al, Pb and Cd in soils, and plants were determined. The results showed that the species was rich. The feature of secondary for types of vegetation was remarkable. Between Psilotum nudum and others, a majority of species pairs were not significant association and few were remarkable. Psilotum nudum was distributed independently or had random occurrence in different communities. The Psilotum nudum was rock-plant or epiphytic plant. The communities are distributed in such areas with 12.8%±24. 6% soil water content, 4. 75±5.18 soil pH, 0. 236±0. 089 mS · cm^-1 soil conductance, and 3.60%±6.08% organic matter. This plant absorbes more K, Na, Ca and Mg than other elements. Meantime, the accumnlation level of Pb, Cu and Cd was unmarked, to which more attention should be paid in cultivation.

关 键 词：松叶蕨 种间联结 生境 群落 浙西南 

分 类 号：Q949.36[生物学—植物学]