插层-超声复合法制备高岭石纳米晶体及棒状晶体的出现  

Intercalation-Sonication Delamination of Kaolinite and Emergence of a Novel Nanoclub-like Crystal

作　　者：阎琳琳[1] 张先如[1] 沈国柱[1] 张存满[2] 徐政[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学材料科学与工程学院,上海200092 [2]同济大学汽车学院氢能技术研究所,上海201804

出　　处：《材料科学与工程学报》2007年第2期241-244,252,共5页Journal of Materials Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50372045)

摘　　要：本文采用一种新型的复合方法制备高岭石纳米晶体。采用插层法和超声法相结合对高岭石进行剥片,先用吸潮法制备出高岭石/醋酸钾的插层复合物,再对插层复合物进行超声处理。利用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜和电子衍射研究了剥片前后高岭石形状、大小及其结构的变化。实验结果表明,在1小时的超声处理后就已达到明显的剥片效果,BET测试比表面积从8.24m2/g达到52.29m2/g;同时处理后的高岭石颗粒保持了完整的晶体结构。另外,超声处理后发现部分高岭石晶体出现了新型纳米棒状结构。A new method to delaminate kaolinite is presented. The delamination of kaolinite was performed via the combination of intercalation and sonication. The kaolinite-potassium acetate intercalate was obtained by moisture-absorbing method, then treated under sonication. The morphology including shape, size, and crystal structure before and after the treatment has been investigated by using XRD, SEM, TEM and SED （selective electron diffraction） . The results not only show that the particle size has been significantly reduced after short time sonication treatment, such as BET area from 8.24m^2/g up to 52.29m^2/g after only 1 h sonication treatment, but indicate that the treated particles keep good crystal structure as well. In addition, an interesting phenomenon is also found. A new aluminum silicate nanoclub-like crystal can be formed after sonication treatment.

关 键 词：高岭石 插层法 超声法 纳米棒状晶体 

分 类 号：O799[理学—晶体学]