溶液pH值及模拟酸雨对两种磺酰脲类除草剂在土壤中行为的影响  

Effects of solution pH and simulated acid rain on the behavior of two sulfonylurea herbicides in soil

作　　者：张伟[1] 王进军[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学植物保护学院,重庆400716

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2007年第3期613-619,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-04-0854);重庆市科技创新能力建设资助项目(CSTC;2005CA1002).

摘　　要：采用平衡振荡法和土柱淋洗法,研究了溶液pH及模拟酸雨对土壤中苄嘧磺隆和甲磺隆行为的影响.结果表明,Freundlich方程能较好地描述苄嘧磺隆和甲磺隆的吸附等温线,水-土壤系统pH升高能明显地降低这两种除草剂在土壤中的吸附,促进其在土壤中的迁移,且吸附常数(Kf)与土壤有机质含量、粘土含量呈正相关,而与土壤pH呈负相关.pH值高的模拟酸雨对除草剂在土壤中淋溶贡献较大,且淋溶量随雨量的增大而增大.除草剂在土壤中的淋溶与土壤性质密切相关,有机质含量和粘粒含量较高的土壤对除草剂的持留能力较强.By the methodsof batch equilibration and leaching, this paper studied the effects of solution pH and simulated acid rain on the behavior of bensulfuron-methyl and metsulfuron-methyl in soil. The results showed that the adsorption isotherms of these two herbicides fitted Freundlich equation well, and their adsorbed amounts reduced obviously with the increasing pH of water-soil system, which in turn promoted the translocation of the herbicides in soil. The adsorption coefficient （Kf） was positively correlated with soil organic matter and clay contents, while negatively correlated with soil pH. The higher pH of simulated acid rain had a greater contribution on the leaching of the two sulfonylurea herbicides, and their leached amount was increased with increasing acid rain. There was a close relationship between the leaching of the herbicides and the properties of soil. The soils with higher contents of organic matter and clay had a greater retention capability to the herbicides.

关 键 词：苄嘧磺隆 甲磺隆 酸雨 吸附 淋溶 迁移 

分 类 号：S482.4[农业科学—农药学]