模拟酸雨对3种盆栽灌木幼苗叶矿质元素含量的影响  

Effects of Simulated Acid Rain on Mineral Element Content in the Leaves of Three Shrub Seedlings in Artificial Potted Environment

作　　者：田大伦[1] 黄智勇[1] 闫文德[1] 项文化[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学生态研究室,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2007年第1期1-8,共8页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30571487;30271043);国家科技部基础平台建设项目(2006-451);国家林业局重点项目(2001-29;2005-28;2006-11;2006-17);湖南省教育厅项目(03C612);湖南省重点实验室项目(06FJ3083);湖南省科技厅项目(05NK3026);湖南省高教重点实验室项目(20031020)

摘　　要：采用盆栽方法,以3种不同pH值(3.0、4.0、5.0)的模拟酸雨溶液对红木、杜鹃、夏鹃幼苗进行浇灌处理,研究不同pH值的酸雨对幼苗叶矿质元素含量的影响.结果表明:模拟酸雨对3种灌木幼苗叶矿质元素含量均有一定影响,3种幼苗叶中的大多数矿质元素含量变化不一致,表明不同植物的不同元素对酸雨的反应不同;各酸雨处理红木幼苗叶K、Mg、Mn、Ni、S、Al的含量较对照增加,其中Al、Ni含量是随着酸雨pH值的降低而逐渐增加,Zn含量比对照含量有所减少,N、P、Ca、Fe、Cu、Cd、Pb含量不随酸雨pH值的变化而变化,红木幼苗叶Al含量与模拟酸雨的pH值达到显著负相关;3种酸雨处理后的杜鹃幼苗叶P、Cu、Mn、Pb含量均比对照增加,其中P、Cu含量是随酸度的增大而逐渐增加,Ca、Zn含量比对照有所减少,N、K、Mg、S、Al、Fe、Ni、Cd含量没有随着酸度变化而随之变化的趋势,P含量与模拟酸雨的pH值达到显著负相关;3种酸雨处理后的夏鹃幼苗叶P、K、Mg、Al、Fe、Cu、Mn、Ni、Pb含量比对照增加,其中P、Ni是随酸度增加逐渐增加,Zn含量比对照减少,N、Ca、S、Cd含量则表现为有的酸雨处理增加,有的下降,Ni含量与模拟酸雨的pH值达到显著负相关.该项研究可为南方绿化植物的选择提供理论依据.By potted planting experiments, Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum, Rhododendron simsii Planch and Rhododendron indicum seedlings, planted in pots, were treated with simulated acid rain of three different pH values（3.0, 4.0, 5.0）so as to study its effects on their mineral element contents. The results show that the mineral element contents in leaves of the three shrubs varied to a certain extent. They showed difference in reaction to acid rain. The contents of Potassium （K）, Magnesium （Mg）, Manganese （Mn）, Nickel （Ni）, Sulphur （S） and Aluminum （Al） in leaves of Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum were relatively higher in treated plants than those without treatment while the content of Zinc （Zn） was lower. The contents of Al and Ni increased to follow the thickening of pH concentration. The content of Nitrogen （N）, Phosphorus （P）, Calcium （Ca）, Iron （Fe）, Copper （Cu）, Cadmium （Cd） and Lead （Pb） did not change along with the gradient of pH concentration. Correlation analysis shows that a negative correlation between pH value and P content was significant. For Rhododendron simsii Planch, the contents of P, Cu, Mn, Pb were higher in treated plants than those in the control while the contents of Ca and Zn were lower but the contents of P and Cu went up with the increase of pH concentration. The contents of N, K, Mg, S, Al, Fe, Ni, Cd showed no identical features with the increase of pH concentration. A negative correlation between its pH value and Phosphorus content was significant. For Rhododendron indicum, however, the contents of P, K, Mg, Al, Fe, Cu, Mn, Ni and Pb went up while the content of Zn fell down; the contents of P and Ni rose up with the increase of pH concentration. The contents of N, Ca, S, Cd did not vary along with the gradient of pH concentration. And also, a negative correlation between its pH value and Phosphorus content was significant. This study may offer a basic theory for choosing greening plants in southern cities.

关 键 词：森林生态 模拟酸雨 红檵木 杜鹃 夏鹃 叶 矿质元素 

分 类 号：X517[环境科学与工程—环境工程]